Video #19 (Ethics) Flashcards
What are the 3 perspectives of GIS work?
1) Pragmatic
2) Critical/Theoretical
3) Legal
What is the pragmatic perspective of GIS?
High ethical standards are expected under URISA’s code of ethics
What is the critical-theoretical perspective?
What is the legal perspective of GIS?
How was the data gathered? How should they be gathered? Who can access the data?
What are the ethics, legal and privacy issues surrounding GIS?
Companies asking for your address, data about yourself could become public (census)
With any new technology comes…
Privacy and ethical issues or questions
What are some examples of ethical issues?
Surveillance, remote sensing of personal property
In 1998, the EU passed a law that…
Prohibited data selling of customers information that they didn’t volunteer up. This includes internet cookies to magazine subscriptions
What is the American companies argue in regards to data-selling?
It should be self-regulated
Spatial technologies have been increasingly more acceptable in this US department
Justice (law enforcement)
What is the issue regarding data acquisition in the USA?
The boundaries for privacy have moved and people have gradually allowed for more things about them to be exposed
Tracking chips is an example of…
Geo-surveillance technology
What is “Geo-Slavery”?
The inability to hide from surveillance
Why are Smart-Grids controversial?
They track power usage which can be recorded, making private space less private
Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) is when…
You choose what geographical information you display and allow to be used
Google street view is…
Photo imagery capturing 360 degrees of horizontal rotation and 290 degrees of vertical rotation of pictures of streets.
How do google street view cars capture photos?
Laser range scanners, 9 cameras and GPS units. All cars are also equipped with a wifi hotspot
What countries don’t accept streetview and why?
Switzerland is one, and it’s because they weren’t properly obscuring peoples identities which violates their privacy laws
What happened to street view in Canada?
In 2007, Canada declared it was not okay with street view for privacy reasons. In 2009, it became available for the olympics
What are the implications of street view?
Street view can and document behavior and give context (Fights, smoking youth, man walking with a gun etc)
How can street view be revealing?
People can be photographed beside their address, people can be shown going to certain places
Power gets expressed through technologies such as street view through…
Important locations like the FBI building can restrict street view which means surveillance is being controlled
Google maps lacks representation of…
Slums, which is a false representation
What is a holodeck?
Virtual reality, a way to experience a different area without leaving your room
What is panopticon?
Everything can be surveilled by a central power
What is the origin of a panopticon?
A prison was designed to be surveilled
