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History - year 5 > Victorians > Flashcards

Victorians Flashcards

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1
Q

when did Queen Victoria reign?

A

1837-1901

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2
Q

what was the Victorian age famous for? (6)

A

1) Britain became the richest and most powerful nation in the world
2) the growth of the British Empire (one fifth of world’s land)
3) Industrial revolution
$) people got right to vote
5) chilldren go to school and stop working in factories
6) cleaner drinking water and better hospitals reduce disease

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3
Q

When was the Industrial Revolution?

A

1700 - 1900

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4
Q

What new machinery meant that people in the country lost their jobs and homes? Why?

A

The steam straction engine. It could do the work of several men.

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5
Q

Where did people in the country side move to during the Industrial Revolution? Why?

A

To the cities to find jobs

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6
Q

Which countryside jobs were less affected by the Industrial Revolution? Why?

A

Those who looked after animals. Machines couldn’t look after animals.

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7
Q

Were living conditions better or worse in the city or countryside? give two examples.

A

Worse in the city. 1) bad sanitation and 2) lower life expectancy (40 vs 50 years)

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8
Q

What happened to markets in the villages during the Industrial Revolution?

A

They stopped because most of the food now went to the cities

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9
Q

When was Queen Victoria born?

A

1819

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10
Q

when she was a girl she went on a journey through the Midlands. (1832-1835) Why?

A

Her mother thought she should see the country she should rule. she sas people experieincing poverty that she had never known about.

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11
Q

What jobs did young children do when Victoria was a child?

A

chimney sweeps;coal mines;factories, working on farms

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12
Q

When did Queen Victoria become queen?

A

1837

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13
Q

What did Victoria say when she was told that she would become queen one day?

A

“I will be good”

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14
Q

How much was Queen Victoria paid?

A

£385,000 per year

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15
Q

Why did Victorian employers want children to work?

A

They were cheaper than adults (£10/day)

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16
Q

Who did Queen Victoria marry? When?

A

Prince Albert. 1840.

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17
Q

How many children did Victoria have?

A

4 sons and 5 daughters

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18
Q

After Albert died (1861) what did Victoria wear for the rest of her life? Why?

A

Black clothes to show that she was mourning

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19
Q

When did Victoria die?

A

1901

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20
Q

What does ‘Mass Production’ mean?

A

Making goods using machinery rather than by handicraft

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21
Q

why were children used in factories and mines? (3)

A

1) low pay
2) small enough to do difficult jobs in small spaces (rethreading machines in textile mills, working in narrow mine tunnels
3) They did jobs no one else could be bothered to ~(picking up scraps, stoking fires)

22
Q

How long did children work each day?

A

12 or more hours

23
Q

Why were parents happy that their children were working?

A

the money helped to heed the family and pay for housing

24
Q

How did Richard Owen, a textile miil owner, make life better for children?

A

he gave better food and children worked shorter hours (because he beleived they worked better in this way)

25
Q

In 1833 Lord Ashley campaigned for a new law; what was it called?

A

Act of Parliament

26
Q

What did the 1833 Act of Parliament say about working conditions for children in mills?

A

children under 8 mustn’t work more than 12 hours a day or 69 hours a week and must have 1 and a half hours per day for meals

27
Q

Name three Acts of Parliament that helped children and why.

A

1) 1842 Mines Act - no under ten children
2) 1844 Factory Act - children between 8 and 13 can’t work more than 6 and half hours each day
3) 1870 Education Act - set up schools for all

28
Q

How much holiday did Victorian workers get?

A

None!

29
Q

what word beginning with ‘E’ describes how children were treated by some factory owners?

A

Exploited

30
Q

What was the name of a house that a farmer owned but was used by his workers?

A

Tied House

31
Q

Whatwas the smallest area of Local Government (usually 1 or 2 villages)?

A

Parish

32
Q

Where were the poor given food and shelter in return for Labour?

A

Work houses

33
Q

Which mill owner in New Lanark thought that children would work better in better conditions?

A

Robert Owen

34
Q

Name a writer who was one of many writers and artists who influenced others about working conditions? Name a book he wrote.

A

Charles Dickens (Oliver Twist)

35
Q

What did the Government set up to investigate child labour?

A

A Commission

36
Q

What name was given to Britain because of all the new inventions and machines being made?

A

“The Workshop of the World”

37
Q

Name four key technological inventions by Vicotrian britains

A

1) steam engine
2) internal combustion engine
3) electricity
4) new building techniques

38
Q

Wjat invention resembled a horseless carriage?

A

The first motor car (1865)

39
Q

What invention was used for military reconnaissance (spying)?

A

The camera

40
Q

Who invented the telephone? When?

A

Alexander Graham Bell (1875)

41
Q

How many miles of railway were laid between 1829 and 1900?

A

22,000

42
Q

Why were road surfaces improved with tarmac?

A

because the new cars needed smooth surfaces

43
Q

whose experiments with electricity in the 1830’s led to such inventions as the telegraph, telephone and electric light?

A

Michael Faraday

44
Q

In 1839 who made photograpphic prints for the first time?

A

William Fox Talbot

45
Q

In 1859 who published ‘Origin of Species’ showing how animal species develop by natural selection?

A

Charles Darwin

46
Q

In 1861 who set up a nurses training school?

A

Florence Nightingale (“The Lady of the Lamp”)

47
Q

Why did health improve in Victorian times? 6

A

1) cleaner water and better drains
2) antiseptics to stop infections
3) naesthetics (such as chlrooform) uesed to put patients to sleep for operations
4) hospitals kept clean
5) better training
6) vaccination (small pox, diptheria)

48
Q

Where do we find evidence?

A

1) books
2) photographs
3) objects found on a site
4) diaries
5) old written records
6) stories
7) paintings and drawings
8) interviews with people
9) TV

49
Q

When was Queen Victoria born?

A

24 May 1819

50
Q

Who did Queen Victoria marry, when and where?

A

Prince Albert in February 1840 at St James’s Palace in London

History - year 5 (3 decks)

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