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Victoria Flashcards

1
Q

In 1838, these people leased land in Yarra Valley and called the property “Yering”.

A

The Ryrie Brothers

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2
Q

What two grapes did the Ryrie Brothers plant?

A

Black Cluster of Hamburg (red)

Sweetwater (white)

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3
Q

Where did viticulture start in Victoria?

A

Yering Station

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4
Q

Why did the population in Victoria increase in the 1800s?

A

The discovery of gold at Balarat and Bendigo

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5
Q

What is Black Saturday?

A

huge fires in Victoria in 2009

173 deaths

state’s vineyards suffered a huge loss

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6
Q

When did phylloxera wipe out Victoria?

A

1877

Did not affect Yarra Valley until 2006

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7
Q

What were the factors that caused Victoria to struggle in the early 20th Century?

A

phylloxera

domestic temperance movement

World Wars

Depression

Competition from South Australia

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8
Q

What was the first modern winery in Victoria?

A

Wantirna Estate

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9
Q

What are the major geographic features of Victoria?

A

Great Dividing Range

Port Phillip Bay

South Ocean

Murray River

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10
Q

Overall climate of Victoria

A

Warmer as you go inland

Tempered by elevation in mountain ranges that run through the state

Coolest state overall

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11
Q

Zones of Victoria

A

Western Victoria

Central Victoria

Gippsland

North East Victoria

North West Victoria

Port Phillip

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12
Q

What are the GIs of Port Phillip Zone?

A

Macedon Ranges

Sunbury

Yarra Valley

Geelong

Mornington Peninsula

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13
Q

Climate of Port Phillip Bay

A

Mediterranean

Cooled by wind and proximity to water

Elevation (Macedon Ranges cooler than Bordeaux)

Ozone depletion has impact on the vines as they get too much sunlight

Strong southwesterlies/chilling winds from polar latitudes

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14
Q

What Region does Port Phillip Bay fall on the Winkler Scale?

A

Region I or II

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15
Q

What are the major geogrpahic features of Port Phillip Bay?

A

Port Phillip Bay

The Rip

-is the narrow waterway entrance connecting the Bass Strait to the bay of Port Phillip

Yarra River

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16
Q

What is the Rip?

A

a small channel 2 miles wide connects Port Phillip Bay with the Bass Straight and the Southern Ocean

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17
Q

What are the geographic features of the Yarra Valley?

A

Yarra River

Southern Ocean

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18
Q

What is the soil of the Yarra Valley?

A

north: well-drained grey loam with sand and clay
south: dep fertile, volcanic soils

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19
Q

What is the climate of the Yarra Valley?

A

warmer than Burgundy

cooler than Bordeaux

wet winters

fairly dry and relatively cool summers

moderate diurnal temperature variation

lengthy growing season

warmer in Lower Yarra (North)

cooler in Upper Yarra (South)

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20
Q

What is the “The Warbie”?

A

B380 - highway that goes through the valley

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21
Q

True or False The Yarra Valley is affected by drought more than any other region.

A

True

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22
Q

What are the main grapes of the Yarra Valley?

A

Chardonnay is most planted

Pinot Noir is second

Shiraz and Cabernet produced in a lighter style because cooler climate

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23
Q

What is the MV6 clone

A

Brought into Australia by James Busby in 1831 from Clos Vougeot

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24
Q

What other Pinot Noir clones are used in the Yarra Valley?

A

Dijon clones 667 and 777

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25
Producers of Yarra Valley
Moet Chandon - est Domaine Chandon here Yarra Yering - Dry Red No 2 is a Rhone Blend Mac Forbes Luke Lambert
26
To whom can we attribute the rebirth of the Yarra Valley?
Dr. Carrodus at Yarra Yering Dr. Middelton at Mount Mary Dr. McMahon at Seville Estate
27
What are the major geographic features of Mornington Peninsula GI?
Bass Strait Southern Ocean Port Phillip Bay
28
Soil of Mornington Peninsula
Variable Moorooduc: sandier clay loam Tuerong: sedimentary yellow duplex Red Hill: volcanic Merricks: brown duplex
29
Climate of Mornington Peninsula
Maritime Cool yet variable Breeze from Port Phillip Bay or Southern Ocean Summers are mild -mean temperatures are cooler than Burgundy
30
What determines the picking dates in Mornington Peninsula?
Winds, not elevation
31
What are the differences in climate between Red Hills and Moorooduc?
Red Hills - uphill and cooler Moorooduc - downhill and warmer, some grapes harvested 3 weeks earlier
32
What are the grapes of Mornington Peninsula?
Pinot Noir (50%) Chardonnay (25%) Pinot Gris/Grigio (20%) Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon
33
What are the geographical features of Geelong GI?
Port Phillip Bay Southern Ocean Bass Straight Bellerine Peninsula
34
Climate of Geelong GI
Driest GI in Port Phillip Spring frosts and wind Maritime
35
Grapes of Geelong GI
Pinot Noir is main grape, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc
36
What are the 3 unofficial subregions of Geelong GI?
Surf Coast/Otways The Bellarine Moorabool Valley
37
What are the geographic features of Sunbury GI?
Macedon Ranges Port Phillip Bay
38
What is the climate of Sunbury GI?
Maritime
39
Grapes of Sunbury GI
Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon
40
Producer of Sunbury
Craiglee - makes very dry, savory and long-lived Syrahs
41
What are the geographic features of the Macedon Ranges
Macedon Ranges (Part of Great Dividing Range)
42
Elevation of Macedon Ranges
400-600 meters highest vineyards on Port Phillip Zone
43
What GI is the coolest region in the Australia mainland?
Macedon Ranges GI
44
What grapes are grown in the Macedon Ranges?
Pinot Noir is the main grape, Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay, Riesling
45
What style of wine is made in Macedon Ranges?
still and sparkling
46
Major producer of Macedon Ranges
Bindi
47
What are the GIs of Central Victoria?
Goulburn Valley GI Strathboghe Ranges GI Upper Goulburn GI Bendigo GI Heathcote GI
48
Climate of Bendigo and Heatcote GI
Bendigo is warmer than Heathcote dry, warm, continental Heathcote has variation in elevation because of the ridgelines of Mt. Camel
49
Grapes of Bendigo GI
Shiraz, Cabernet, Merlot Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
50
What are the geographical features of Heathcote GI?
Mt Camel Range
51
soil of Heathcote GI
Greenstone - red Cambria soil volcanic rich in copper and calcium on the Eastside
52
What are the Grapes of Heathcote GI?
known for rich and juicy Shiraz Sangiovese Cabernet and Merlot Chardonnay and riesling
53
Major Producer of Heathcote
Jasper Hill
54
What is a major geographical feature of Goulburn Valley GI?
Goulburn River
55
What is the soil in Goulburn Valley GI?
alluvial, sandy soils deposited along the river where half a hectare of Tahbik's ungrafted vines live (Tahbik produces one of its best bottles of Shiraz from this plot)
56
What is the climate of Goulburn Valley GI?
warm/continental
57
What are the grapes in Goulburn Valley GI?
Shiraz is the main grape Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Marsanne
58
What is the subregion of Goulburn Valley GI?
Nagambie Lakes GI
59
What is the climate of Nagambie Lakes GI?
it is a complex of inland lakes and lagoons that helps to moderate the warm and continental climate shortage of water
60
What are the grapes of Nagambie Lakes GI?
Rhone varietals Marsanne is important here
61
Who has some of the oldest Marsanne vines the the world in Nagambie Lakes GI?
Tahbilk
62
What is a major geographical feature of Strathbogie Ranges GI?
Strathbogie Ranges
63
Climate of Strathbogie Ranges GI
turns cooler here compared to Goulburn Valley higher elevation - up to 600 meters
64
Grapes of Strathbogie Ranges GI
Pinot Noir, Merlot, Shiraz Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling
65
Name a producer that grows Pinot Noir and Chardonnay in Strathbogie Ranges GI for sparkling wine.
Domaine Chandon
66
What are the major geographic features of the Upper Goulburn GI?
Goulburn River Lake Eildon Great Dividing Range
67
Climate of Upper Goulburn GI
higher elevations, cooler
68
Grapes of Upper Goulburn GI
Pinot Noir, Merlot, Shiraz Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
69
What are the GIs of North East Victoria?
Rutherglen GI Glenrowan GI Beechworth GI King Valley GI Alpine Valleys GI
70
What are the major Geographical features of Rutherglen GI?
Murray River Victorian Alps
71
Soil of Rutherglen GI
"Rutherglen": loam - fortified styles "Black Dog": fine sandy loam
72
Climate of Rutherglen
warm and continental long, dry, late summers, diurnal swing and dry autumns are the key to stickies
73
What is passerillage?
exposure of cut bunches of grapes to the sun in order to increase the concentration of sugar prior to winemaking
74
What are the grapes of Rutherglen?
Shiraz, brown muscat (muscat rouge a Petit Grains), Durif Muscadelle, chardonnay, marsanne
75
Where is Durif native to?
souther France (Rhone), probably a crossing of Syrah with Peloursin
76
Why did Rutherglen shift to fortified wine making?
phylloxera Great Depression UK exports dried up
77
What are the styles of fortified wine in Rutherglen?
Muscat Topaque Tawny
78
How is Muscat and Topaque made?
short fermentation on the skins consumes 20-40 g/l sugar over 1-2 days pressed and fortified with neutral grain spirit added at a ratio of 1-4 matures for years in barrels as wine evaporates 5% goes to angel's share this results in a greater concentration of sugar, acid and alcohol in the remaining wine some producers us the solera system
79
What are the barrel sizes that Muscat and Topaque are aged in?
225 liter barrique 300 liter hogshead 500 liter puncheons (sometimes) large oval casks (sometimes)
80
List a few producers of Muscat
All Saints Campbell Rutherglen Estate
81
What did Topaque used to be called?
Tokaj
82
What are the differences between Muscat and Topaque?
Topaque is lighter in color than Muscat because white grapes are used vs red grapes topaque has 30-40 g/l of residual sugar less than muscat wines in the same category Topaque is less intense and has more acidity than Muscat
83
What is Apera?
Australian Sherry
84
What is the Muscat of Rutherglen Network
established in 1995 developed a voluntary self-regulating four-tier classification system for Muscat and Topaque based on taste profile
85
What is the 4 -tier classification system of Rutherglen Muscat?
Rutherglen Muscat average 3-5 years rs 180-240 g/l rs Classic average 6-10 years 200-280 g/l rs Grand average 11-19 years rs 270-400 g/l rs Rare Minimimum 20+ years of age rs 270-400 g/l rs
86
What are the major geographic features of Glenrowan GI?
Warby Range Lake Mokan
87
climate of Glenrowan GI
warm and continental
88
Grapes of Glenrowan GI
shiraz, cabernet sauvignon, durif muscadelle, muscat a petit grains (both used for fortified)
89
What is a major geographic feature of Alpine Valleys GI?
Victorian Alps
90
What is the climate of Alpine Valley GI, Beechworth GI and King Valley GI?
cooler than Rutherglen and Glenrowan higher elevation higher rainfall
91
What is the elevation of Alpine Valley GI?
180-600m
92
Grapes of Alpine Valley GI?
Pinot Noir/Merlot Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris Italian Grape Varieties
93
What the major geographic feature of Beechworth GI?
Victorian Alps
94
What are the grapes of Beechworth GI?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Shiraz, Merlot, Gamay Chardonnay, Viognier Italian Grape Varieties
95
Who makes a Shiraz/Viognier blend in Beechworth GI?
Castagna
96
Who makes a Gamay in Beechworth?
Sorrenberg
97
What are the Geographic Features of King Valley GI?
King River Oxley Plains Victorian Alps
98
Grapes of King Valley GI?
Pinot Noir, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc Italian Grape Varieties
99
A lot of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir in King Valley GI is used for what?
sparkling wine
100
What is the Northern most part of King Valley GI?
Wangaratta
101
What is the difference in elevation between Wangaratta and Rutherglen?
Wangaratta is 700 meters higher in elevation (only 23 miles from Rutherglen)
102
Who makes a sparkling wine from Chardonnay and Pinot Noir from King Valley GI called 'Patricia'?
Brown Brothers
103
What are the GIs of North West Victoria?
Murray Darling GI Swan Hill GI
104
What are the GIs of the Western Victoria Zone?
Pyrenees Grampians Henty
105
What is the climate of Grampians GI?
high elevation (440 meters) Tempers the climate cool and arid (good for sparkling)
106
What are the grapes of Grampians GI?
Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir
107
What style of Shiraz comes from Grampians?
elegant and refined
108
What is the sub-region of Grampians GI?
Great Western GI
109
Who made Great Western GI famous?
Seppelt's "Champagne"
110
Grampains GI has a reputation for what style of wine?
sparkling
111
Who is Joseph Best?
Founded Great Western Winery
112
Who is Charles Pierlot?
French winemaker who made Australia's first ever sparkling wine at Great Western Winery in 1890.
113
What is a major geographical feature of Pyrenees GI?
Pyrenees Range (one of the last ranges within the Great Dividing Range)
114
Climate of Pyrenees GI
warmer except sometimes at night.
115
Grapes of Pyrenees GI
Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir Chardonnay
116
A richer style wine comes from Pyrenees GI or Grampains GI?
Pyrenees GI
117
What is a major geographical feature of Henty GI?
Southern Ocean
118
Climate of Henty GI
cool, maritime, marginal in the south
119
Grapes of Henty GI
Pinot Noir Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Gris
120
Who pioneered the Henty GI region?
Seppelt
121
True or False. Gippsland is a zone and a region
True
122
What zone in Victoria has no GIs?
Gippsland
123
Why does Gippsland have no GIs?
It is not big enough only 240 acres under vines a crush of 600 tonnes total - law requires at least a crush of 500 tonnes to be a GI
124
what are the major geographical features of Gippsland?
Bass Straight Southern Ocean Great Dividing Range
125
Grapes of Gippsland.
Pinot Noir, Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay (most planted)
126
What are the three unofficial subzones of Gippsland?
South Gippsland East Gippsland West Gippsland
127
Who makes great Pinot Noir in Gippsland
Bass Philips
128
Climate of Gippsland
South Gippsland - cooler, maritime
129
Where does Thablik produce wine in Australia?
Nagambie Lakes GI in Goulburn Valley, Victoria

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