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Australia/New Zealand > Victoria > Flashcards

Victoria Flashcards

1
Q

What is the smallest and coolest state in Australia mainland?

A

Victoria

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2
Q

What are zones of Victoria?

A 
—Central Victoria
—Gippsland: SE Victoria
—North East Victoria
—North West Victoria
—Port Phillip: South Victoria
—Western Victoria
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3
Q

What is Coastal Victoria’s climate?

What keeps it cool?

A

Cool maritime climate. Sea breeze blowing up from Antarctica. Winter average temperatures lower than Bordeaux or Burgundy.

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4
Q

What are the regions of Central Victoria Zone?
Subregion?
Location of each?
What are the top varieties?

A

—Bendigo (east of Pyrennes; west of Heathcote; NW of Macedon Ranges)
—Heathcote to the east of Bendigo and west of Goulburn Valley
—Goulburn Valley (subregion Nagambie Lakes) east of Heathcote; north of Strathbogie Ranges

—Strathbogie Ranges-South of Nagambie Lakes
—Upper Goulburn- South of Strathbogie Ranges (Chardonnay and Pinot Noir)

Bendigo, Heathcote, and Goulburn Valley- Shiraz

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5
Q

What are the regions of North East Victoria Zone?

What are the top varieties?

A

—Rutherglen-Northernmost of the NE Victoria Zone
—Beechworth- South of Rutherglen and north of Alpine Valleys
—Glenrowan- SW of Rutherglen; NW of King Valley
—Alpine Valleys-South of Beechworth; East of King Valley
—King Valley- SE of Glenrowan; West of Alpine Valleys
**Rutherglen and Glenrowan- Sweet/fortified wines from Muscat and Muscadelle grapes.
**Alpine, Beechworth, and King are progressively higher-elevation GIs: red wines continue to outweigh whites, but white grape have assumed greater importance (Sauv Blanc, Chard, Pinot Gris) along with Bordeaux varieties and Pinot Noir.

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6
Q

What are the regions of Port Phillip Zone?

What are the top varieties?

A

—Yarra Valley-Chardonnay Pinot Noir and #1 and #2 most planted, respectively, half of all grapes. Cab Sauv, and Shiraz (often co-fermented with Viognier and generally called “Syrah”)
—Macedon Ranges-NE of Yarra Valley
—Sunbury- East of Yarra Valley
—Geelong- SE of Yarra Valley
—Mornington Peninsula-South of Yarra Valley; Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Chardonnay

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7
Q

What are the regions of Western Victoria Zone? (N-S)
Subregion?
What are the top varieties?

A

—Pyrenees GI: west of Bendigo (dominated by Shiraz and Cab Sauv, but historical context for sparkling wine (“sparkling red burgundy”)
—Grampians GI: SW of Pyrenees (subregion is Great Western)
—Henty GI:SW of Grampians East of Wrattonbully, Coonawarra, and Mount Gambier in South Australia’s Limestone Coast; Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and Riesling

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8
Q

What is Victoria’s oldest wine region?

A

Yarra Valley GI

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9
Q

Which Champagne giant moved in to Yarra Valley in 1987?

A

Moët and Chandon started the Australian Domaine Chandon.

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10
Q

How is Yarra Valley GI divided geologically? How does it affect the style of wine?

A

Warmer Lower Yarra Valley in the north has ancient Grey-brown sandy loam. On the valley floor, Pinot Noir tends to be plumper and less aromatic

Upper Yarra Valley in the south has younger Red basalt-derived soils. Pinot Noir tends to be more defined and mineral.

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11
Q

What GI incloses Port Phillip Bay and is profoundly maritime in its climate?

A

Mornington Peninsula

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12
Q

What is the capital of Victoria?

A

Melbourne

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13
Q

What climate does North East Victoria, North West Victoria, and Central Victoria share?

A

Continental climate, typified by a large duirnal temperature shift.

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14
Q

What are the regions of North West Victoria Zone? (2) What are the top varieties?

A

—Murray Darling
—Swan Hill; SE of Murray Darling
(Both shared with New South Wales)

Dominated by Chardonnay and Shiraz (generally industrial in scope)

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15
Q

What estate in Victoria was able to protect itself from phylloxera and to this day has possibly some of the oldest Marsanne vines in the world?

A

Tahbilk, a compelling producer from Nagambie Lakes subregion of Goulburn Valley. Flagship Shiraz are from vines planted in 1860. It was once the sole survivor of the region.

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16
Q

What grape is used in Rutherglen’s aged, fortified Brown Muscat?

A

Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge

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17
Q

What does a “R” logo on a label from Rutherglen stand for?

A

Denotes a member of the Muscat of Rutherglen Network, a producers’ syndicate established in 1995.

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18
Q

What is the classfication system for the Muscat of Rutherglen Network?

A

Rutherglen Muscat-orange and rosy aromatics of young Muscat in a saccharine, mouthcoating frame.

Classic Muscat- Intense varietal aroma, but adds concentration and slight rancio tones.

Grand- Takes on more oxidative tones and begin to show mature rancio character.

Rare- Should taste as though it is at least 20 years of age (often older). Oldest, sweetest, and most concentrated and most viscous.

Four-tier classification system for the wines based on age, sweetness, and complexity. The ages and residual sugar ranges for each category are indicative of each classification, but not absolute. Producers are responsible for classifying their own wines, based on taste alone.

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19
Q

Where and when did phylloxera first hit Australia?

A

Geelong in Victoria in 1877

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20
Q

Which GI in Victoria did not get hit with Phylloxera until 2006?

A

Yarra Valley.

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21
Q

What river marks the line between Victoria and New South Wales?

A

Murray River

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22
Q

What is “Black Saturday”?

A

Saturday, February 7, 2009, high temperatures and extended drought conditions conspired to produce a series of violent firestorms throughout Victoria. “Black Saturday” resulted in 173 deaths as wind conditions changed rapidly, driving fires in unpredictable directions. 5% of Yarra Valley’s vineyards were damaged or destroyed, along with vineyards in Bendigo, Beechworth, Heathcote, and Gippsland.

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23
Q

What is the body of water that seperates Port Phillip zone and Tasmania?

A

Bass Strait

Strait is body of water that connects two larger bodies of water; in this example it is the Port Phillip Bay and Southern Ocean. Most commonly it is a channel of water that lies between two land masses.

24
Q

What is the the climate of Port Phillip Bay?

A

Mediterranean.

Although some areas are quite cool, example: Yarra Valley and Mornington Penninsula is cool maritime.

25
Q

What is the most important area of production in Victoria?

A

Yarra Valley GI

26
Q

What is the driest GI in Port Phillip?

A

Geelong

27
Q

Surf Coast, Moorabool Valley, and Bellarine are unofficial subzones of what GI?

A

Geelong

28
Q

What is the coolest region on the Australian mainland?

A

Macedon Ranges

Also the highest vineyards in the Port Phillip zone.

29
Q

Where would you find Jasper Hill Shiraz?

A

Heathcote GI in Central Victoria zone.

30
Q

What is the climate for Heathcote and Bendigo GIs?

What mountain range are both GIs near?

A

Dry, warm, continental.

Heathcote experiences a more pronounced variation in elevation due to the ridgelines of the Mount Carmel Range and happens to be slightly cooler.

31
Q

What area is prized for growing vines in Heathcote and why?

A

Eastern side of Heathcote because of a strip of red earth rich in 500-million-year-old Cambrian volcanic greenstone.

-Heathcote renowned for hauntingly rich but juicy Shiraz, although, clones, have shown that Heathcote Sangiovese can be remarkably refined.

32
Q

What river is the northern border of Rutherglen GI?

A

Murray River

33
Q

What are the primary varietals for Rutherglen muscat/Topaque?

A

Muscat rouge a petite grains/Muscadelle

34
Q

How long does Rutherglen muscat typically ferment for?

Approximately how much sugar is consumed?

A

1-2 days on skins

20-40 g/l

35
Q

What is the soil for Rutherglen?

A

“Rutherglen” loam (preferred for fortified styles) and “Black Dog” fine sandy loam.

36
Q

What is Anzac day?

A

April 25th, the day that rains start in Rutherglen, marks the end of the harvest for muscat

37
Q

Is botrytis sought after for Rutherglen muscat?

A

No, it is undesirable and historically uncommon. It ruins the varietal, terpine-laden character of Muscat grapes.

38
Q

How is Rutherglen Muscat fortified?

A

Like Port, with neutral 96° grape spirit, in a 1-4 ration.

39
Q

What is Rutherglen Muscat aged in?

A

Various formats of old wood: 225-liter barriques, 300-liter hogsheads, and occasionally 500-liter puncheons and even larger oval casks, depending on the producer and the wine

40
Q

How much does Rutherglen muscat lose to “angel’s share”?

A

Around 5% a year.

41
Q

What are the 8 wineries that produce fortified Muscat wines in Rutherglen?

A

just remember Stanton and Kileen and Rutherglen Estates.

Zach Morris, Ferris Bueller, and Mikai Pfiffer dressed up as all saints ordering Campbells soup at Chambers street wines

All Saints
Morris
Campbells
Chambers
Stanton and Killeen
Rutherglen Estates
Buller
Pfeiffer
42
Q

Minimum G/L for Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Not sure if this is correct

Muscat 2 - 5 years 180 - 240 G/L

Classic 5 - 10 years 200 - 270 G/L

Grand 10 - 15 years 270 - 400 G/L

Rare 20 + 270 - 400 G/L

43
Q

What is the grape of Rutherglen Topaque?

A

Fortified wine made with Muscadelle grapes. Totally unrelated to Muscat and accrues noticeably less sugar than Muscat.

They are lighter in color than Muscat (as they are produced from white rather than red grapes and typically exhibit 30-40 g/l less residual sugar than Muscat wines in the same category.

44
Q

What is a typical descriptor of Topaque wines?

A

Honey, cold tea, and sardine oil–the latter a not-at-all unpleasent, seaweed-like character tha offers interesting counterbalace to otherwise sweet-smelling and candided aromas.

With less intensity and greater acidity than fortified Muscat, Topaque is a better wine for the table, and the basic styles can be offered as a chilled aperitif over ice.

45
Q

How would you characterize Alpine Valley, Beechworth, and King Valley?

A

Rainfall increases and climate cools slightly with moves upward into the foothills and low ranges of the Victorian Alps (part of the Great Dividing Range). White grapes like Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, and Pinot Gris have assumed greater importance. The most important red varieties currently are Pinot Noir and Bordeaux grapes. There is a 700 meter difference in elevation from Rutherglen to the highest vineyards in King Valley.

46
Q

What is Australia’s longest river?

A

Murray River

47
Q

What is the only zone in Victoria without any GI’s?

A

Gippsland

48
Q

What producer is based out of Gippsland and produces one of Australia’s top Pinot Noirs?

A

Bass Phillip

49
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Gippsland?

A

Chardonnay and then Pinot Noir.

50
Q

How much must a region produce to merit consideration for GI status?

A

At least 500 tonnes of fruit annually.

51
Q

What clones are be focused on in Yarra Valley for Pinot Noir?

A

667 and 777 and/or MV6

MV6 is a “mother vine” selection James Busby brought into the country in 1831 from Clos Vougeot.

52
Q

The Great Dividing range finds its southernmost extension where?

A

Grampians

53
Q

Who is the best producer in Grampains?

A

The aptly named “Best’s”.

54
Q

At what Brix levels is Rutherglen Muscat typically harvested at?

A

36 degrees.

55
Q

Where is the Bass Straight?

A

Along the southern coast of Victoria’s Mornington Peninsula and Gippsland, connected to Port Phillip Bay by the ‘Rip’ (a small channel about 2 miles wide)

Australia/New Zealand (10 decks)

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