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MICROBIOLOGY (2ND YEAR) > VIBRIOS, AEROMONAS, CAMPYLOBACTER, HELICOBACTER > Flashcards

VIBRIOS, AEROMONAS, CAMPYLOBACTER, HELICOBACTER Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Vibrio cholerae produces a toxin which
    a. Inhibits protein synthesis
    b. Alters electrolyte balance in epithelial
    cells
    c. Prevents nerve impulse transmission
    d. Invades the intestinal linings
A

b. Alters electrolyte balance in epithelial
cells

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2
Q
  1. The following are characteristics of El Tor, except:
    a. Biotype produces a hemolysin
    b. Gives positive results on the
    Voges-Proskauer test
    c. Sensitive to polymyxin B
    d. Similar to Vibrio O139
A

c. Sensitive to polymyxin B

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following toxin resembles cholera
    toxin?
    a. Stable toxin of E. coli
    b. Diphtheria toxin
    c. Labile toxin of Escherichia coli
    d. Tetanus toxin
A

c. Labile toxin of Escherichia coli

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following conditions can be caused
    by Plesiomonas?
    a. Septicemia
    b. Gastroenteritis
    c. Cellulitis
    d. All of these
A

d. All of these

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5
Q
  1. The DNA coding for the production of cholera
    toxin in Vibrio cholerae is on the:
    a. Phage
    b. Plasmid
    c. Chromosome
    d. Transposon
A

c. Chromosome

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6
Q
  1. The transport medium for Vibrio cholerae can be:
    a. TCBS medium
    b. Selenite F broth
    c. Tetrathionate broth
    d. Nutrient broth
A

a. TCBS medium

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7
Q
  1. In which animal does cholera spread?
    a. Clams
    b. Rhinos
    c. Cats
    d. Snakes
A

a. Clams

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8
Q
  1. Campylobacter jejuni is characterized by:
    a. Gram negative rods
    b. Motile with flagella
    c. Grows on Eosine Methylene blue
    d. Do not ferment carbohydrates
A

d. Do not ferment carbohydrates

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9
Q
  1. Cholera toxin increases the activity of:
    a. Adenyl cyclase
    b. Coagulase
    c. Catalase
    d. Hyaluronidase
A

a. Adenyl cyclase

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10
Q
  1. The halophilic bacteria is/are:
    a. Vibrio alginolyticus
    b. Vibrio vulnificus
    c. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
    d. All of these
A

d. All of these

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following medium are used to
    differentiate the colonies of Vibrio cholerae and
    Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
    a. Alkaline bile salt
    b. Thiosulphate-citrate-bile-sucrose
    c. MacConkey
    d. All of the above
A

b. Thiosulphate-citrate-bile-sucrose

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a symptom of
    Cholera?
    a. Diarrhea
    b. Cramps
    c. Sunken eyeballs
    d. Coughing
A

d. Coughing

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following does not cause wound
    infection following exposure to sea water or
    infected shellfish?
    a. Vibrio vulnificus
    b. Vibrio alginolyticus
    c. Vibrio cholerae
    d. Aeromonas
A

c. Vibrio cholerae

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14
Q
  1. The following is a characteristic of Vibrio
    parahaemolyticus:
    a. Grows well on TCBS, where it yields green
    colonies
    b. No enterotoxin
    c. Halophilic
    d. Oxidase negative
A

a. Grows well on TCBS, where it yields green
colonies
b. No enterotoxin
c. Halophilic

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following biotypes of Vibrio cholerae
    are prevalent in India?
    a. EI Tor
    b. Classical
    c. Both El Tor and Classical
    d. None of these
A

b. Classical

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of
    cholera?
    a. High blood pressure
    b. Fast heart rate
    c. Dehydration
    d. Severe diarrhea
A

a. High blood pressure

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17
Q
  1. Acute diarrheal disease resembling cholera can be
    caused by:
    a. Aeromonas hydrophila
    b. Vibrio vulnificus
    c. Vibrio alginolyticus
    d. All of these
A

b. Vibrio vulnificus - watery diarrhea

18
Q
  1. Which of the following can be used to
    differentiate classical from El Tor biotypes of
    Vibrio cholerae?
    a. Sensitivity to Mukerjee’s group IV phage
    b. Agglutination of fowl RBCs
    c. Sensitivity to polymyxin B
    d. All of these
A

c. Sensitivity to polymyxin B

19
Q
  1. Where did cholera originate?
    a. India
    b. Philippines
    c. Vietnam
    d. UK
20
Q
  1. Which of the following bacteria is associated with
    food poisoning due to consumption of sea fish?
    a. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
    b. Vibrio alginolyticus
    c. Vibrio vulnificus
    d. All of these
A

D. all of these

21
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a symptom of Cholera?
    a. Diarrhea
    b. Cramps
    c. Sunken eyeballs
    d. Coughing
A

D
Signs and Symptoms of Cholera:
• Profuse diarrhea – “rice water stool”
• Abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Leg cramps – loss of K
• Sunken eyes – severe dehydration
• Low BP

22
Q
  1. Vibrio cholerae produces a toxin which
    a) inhibits protein synthesis
    b) alters electrolyte balance in epithelial cells
    c) prevents nerve impulse transmission
    d) invades the intestinal linings
A

B
• Virulent V. cholera organisms attach to the microvilli of the brush border of epithelial cells
• CT acts by activation of adenylate cyclase-cAMP system located at the basolateral membrane of intestinal epithelial cells. The increase in cyclic AMP levels is mainly responsible for the altered transport of Na+ and Cl-.

23
Q
  1. The transport medium for Vibrio cholerae can be:
    a. TCBS medium
    b. Selenite F broth
    c. Tetrathionate broth
    d. Nutrient broth
A

A
Grows well on Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile-Sucrose (TCBS) agar (selective media), produces yellow colonies (sucrose fermented) that are readily visible against the dark green background of the agar.

24
Q
  1. Which of the following toxin resembles cholera toxin?
    a) Stable toxin of E. coli
    b) Diphtheria toxin
    c) Labile toxin of Escherichia coli
    d) Tetanus toxin
A

C
The structure and function of E. coli LT resembles closely that of CT.

25
Q
  1. Which of the following bacteria is associated with food poisoning due to consumption of sea fish?
    a. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (on the internet)
    b. Vibrio alginolyticus
    c. Vibrio vulnificus
    d. All of these
A

D
Species
Source of infection
Shellfish, seawater Seawater Shellfish, seawater
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vibrio alginolyticus Vibrio vulnificus

26
Q
  1. The following are characteristics of el Tor, except:
    a) biotype produces a hemolysin
    b) gives positive results on the Voges-Proskauer test
    c) Sensitive to polymyxin B.
    d) Similar to Vibrio O139
A

C
Resistant to polymyxin B

27
Q
  1. In which animal does cholera spread?
    a. Clams
    b. Rhinos
    c. Cats
    d. Snakes
A

A
Vibrio cholerae – source of infection: Water and Food

28
Q
  1. The following is a characteristic of Vibrio parahaemolyticus:
    a) Grows well on TCBS, where it yields green colonies
    b) No enterotoxin
    c) Halophilic
    d) Oxidase negative
A

A, B, C
Vibrio parahaemolyticus:
• Grows well on TCBS, where it yields green colonies
• No enterotoxin
• Halophilic
• Oxidase-positive

29
Q
  1. Which of the following biotypes of Vibrio cholerae are prevalent in India?
    a. EI Tor- NET
    b. Classical-TRANS
    c. Both El Tor and Classical
    d. None of these
A

B
Most likely by V cholera O1 of the classic biotype are largely originating in Asia, usually the Indian subcontinent.

30
Q
  1. Which of the following medium are used to differentiate the colonies of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
    a) Alkaline bile salt
    b) Thiosulphate-citrate-bile-sucrose
    c) MacConkey
    d) All of the above
A

B
Both grows well on TCBS

Vibrio cholerae - Produces yellow colonies (sucrose fermented)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus - Yields green colonies (non-sucrose fermenter)

31
Q
  1. Acute diarrheal disease resembling cholera can be caused by:
    a. Aeromonas hydrophila
    b. Vibrio vulnificus
    c. Vibrio alginolyticus
    d. All of these
A

B
• Aeromonas hydrophila – not associated with diarrhea (trans page 4)
• V. alginolyticus – causes eye, ear or wound infection after sea water exposure (from Moraleta)
• V. vulnificus – generally self-limited with an explosive onset of watery diarrhea

32
Q
  1. Which of the following can be used to differentiate classical from El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae?
    a) Sensitivity to Mukerjee’s group IV phage
    b) Agglutination of fowl RBCs
    c) Sensitivity to polymyxin B
    d) All of these
A

C
El tor biotype is resistant to Polymyxin B

33
Q
  1. Where did cholera originate?
    a. India
    b. Philippines c. Vietnam
    d. UK
A

A
V. cholerae of the classic biotype largely origination in Asia – Indian subcontinent

34
Q
  1. Which of the following conditions can be caused by Plesiomonas?
    a) Septicemia
    b) Gastroenteritis
    c) Cellulitis
    d) All of these
A

D
Diseases produce by Plesiomonas: (from Moraleta) - Gastroenteritis
- Extraintestinal (septicaemia, endophthalmitis, septic arthritis, meningitis, cholecystitis and cellulitis)

35
Q
  1. The DNA coding for the production of cholera toxin in Vibrio cholerae is on the *
    a. phage
    b. plasmid
    c. chromosome
    d. Transposon
A

C
The genes for V. cholerae enterotoxin are on the bacterial chromosome.

36
Q
  1. Campylobacter jejuni is characterized by:
    a) Gram negative rods
    b) Motile with flagella
    c) Grows on Eosine Methylene blue
    d) Do not ferment carbohydrates
A

A and D
C. jejuni are gram negative rods Campylobacters do not ferment carbohydrates.

37
Q
  1. The halophilic bacteria is/are
    a. Vibrio alginolyticus
    b. Vibrio vulnificus
    c. Vibrio parahaemolyticus
    d. All of these
A

D
All Vibrio spp. are halophilic (salt requiring)

38
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of cholera?
    a) High blood pressure
    b) Fast heart rate
    c) Dehydration
    d) Severe diarrhea
A

A
Signs and Symptoms
• Electrolyte-rich diarrhea resulting into shock,
dehydration, acidosis and death.
• Profuse diarrhea – abdominal pain, vomiting, leg cramps,
sunken eyes, low blood pressure

39
Q
  1. Which of the following does not cause wound infection following exposure to sea water or infected shellfish? *
    a. Vibrio vulnificus
    b. Vibrio alginolyticus
    c. Vibrio cholerae
    d. Aeromonas
A

C
V. cholerae do not reach the blood stream (does not cause bacteremia) but remain within the intestinal tract.

40
Q
  1. Cholera toxin increases the activity of
    a) Adenyl cyclase
    b) Coagulase
    c) Catalase
    d) Hyaluronidase
A

A
Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin
- Activation of subunit A1 yields increased levels of cAMP
and results to prolonged hypersecretion of water and electrolytes.

MICROBIOLOGY (2ND YEAR) (6 decks)

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