VIA n VIB Flashcards
Is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust
OXYGEN
Occur much less abundantly than sulfur. They are found along with sulfur in metal sulfides and are recovered in some quantity from lead and copper refining processes
SELENIUM AND TELLURIUM
Occurs only in the form of radioisotopes as a result of the decay of the actinide elements
POLONIUM
Is also a very common element and was known to the ancients as brimstone, that is “burning stone”. It occurs on the earth’s crust as a free element and in combined form as metal sulfide and sulfate
SULFUR
- “Dephlogisticated air” (Priestly)
- “empyreal air” (scheele)
- most abundant element
- non metallic element
- 2nd most electronegative
- essential of all elements
- responsible for the oxidative changes
- in paints, fats, fixed oils
OXYGEN
Oxygen is stored in what color of cylinder?
GREEN CYLINDER
3 allotropes of oxygen
- OZONE
- OXYGEN
- NASCENT OXYGEN
Oxygen requirements
- ANOXIC
- ANEMIC
- HISTOTOXIC
- STAGNANT
Blood circulation is retarded
STAGNANT
Inadequate oxygen tension in air
ANOXIC
Tissue or cell oxidation
HISTOTOXIC
Decrease hemoglobin
ANEMIC
- Administration - tubes, masks, tents
- diluent for anesthetic agent
OXYGEN GAS
- “Brimstone”
- “burning stone”
SULFUR
Enemy of copper
SHULBARI
Sources of sulfur
- FeS2 – Iron Pyrite
- PbS – Galena
- HgS – Cinnabar
- ZnS – Zinc blend
- CaSO4● 2H2O – Gypsum
- BaSO4 – Heavy spar
Form when sulfur is heated above 1000 degrees celsius
SULFUR VAPOR
Ex. rock sulfur, roll sulfur, flower of sulfur
RHOMBIC
Rubbery, plastic mass
PLASTIC OR AMORPHOUS
Straw-colored liquid
MOBILE
Thick and sticky like molasses
VISCOUS
Milk of sulfur, fine, component of cream, ointment
PRECIPITATED SULFUR
Flower of sulfur, azufre, coarse, cathartic
SUBLIMED SULFUR
Uses of sulfur
- Preparation of scabicidal & keratolytic ointments & lotions
- Stimulant cathartic
- Stimulant in alopecia
- Fumigant (SO2)
- Depilatory (sulfides)
- Keratolytic (SrS)
- Antiseborrheic (CdS)
- “Oil of vitriol”
- sulfonating agent
- dehydrating agent
SULFURIC ACID
- Use in photography
- for ringworm
- antidote for cyanide and iodine poisoning
SODIUM THIOSULFATE
- “Aitch-tu-es-gas”
- reducing agent, precipitating agent of metal ions
- rotten egg odor
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
- Precipitated sulfur
- liquid petrolatum
- white ointment
- scabicide
- parasiticide
SULFUR OINTMENT
- “Moon”
- trace element
- anti-oxidant
- synergistic with Vit. E
- too toxic when taken internally
- use in the manufacture of photocopying machine
- catalyst in nitrogen determination
SELENIUM
- Active constituent of selsun blue
- anti-seborrheic
SELENIUM SULFIDE
A radioactive isotope as a result of decay of actinide elements
POLONIUM
- Is a hard silvery-white metal, which is stable in air at room temperature
- resembles molybdenum in chemical properties
TUNGSTEN
Its uses are:
- in making special steel alloys
- for the filaments of electric lamps
- as the anti-cathode in x-ray tubes
TUNGSTEN
- Essential trace element
- cofactor of enzyme that are flavin dependent
- use in nitrogen fixation involve in bacterial fixing of atmospheric nitrogen
MOLYBDENUM
MoO +FeSO4
Mol-Iron®
_______ forms compounds with oxidation states of 2+, 3+ (most stable) and 6+
CHROMIUM
_______ and _______ form compounds in which they exhibit oxidation states of 2+ through 6+
MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN
The elements of group VIB form oxides of which those of higher molecular weight are acidic. True or false
TRUE
Color of Cr+2
GREEN
Color of Cr2O7-2 (Dichromate)
ORANGE
Color of CrO4-2 (Chromate)
YELLOW
Color of Cr+3
BLUE
Source of chromium
CHROME IRON ORE
- Trace element
- glucose tolerance factor
- increases insulin sensitivity
- found in brown sugar & butter
- salts are destructive to tissues
CHROMIUM
Chromium deficiency
MIMICS DIABETES MELLITUS
Powerful oxidizing agent
K2Cr2O7 (POTASSIUM DICHROMATE)
An alloy containing 40% to 80% chromium with iron
FERROCHROME
An alloy containing 10% to 25% chromium and 50% to 70% nickel
NICHROME
An alloy of chromium, cobalt, and tungsten used for surgical instruments
STELLITE
