VI - Neoplasia Flashcards
This term literally means “new growth”.
Neoplasia
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
An abnormal mass of tissue the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of the normal tissues and persists in the same excessive manner after the cessation of stimuli which evoked the change.
Neoplasm
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
Study of tumors.
Oncology
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
Benign or malignant?Localized
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
Benign or malignant?Amenable to surgical removal
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
Benign or malignant?Invades and destroys adjacent tissues.
Malignant
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
What are the two basic components of tumors?
Parenchyma and Stroma
Benign or malignant?Metastasis
Malignant
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
This component of tumors largely determines its biologic behavior.
Parenchyma
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
This component of tumors determines the name of the growth.
Parenchyma
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
This component of tumors is crucial to the growth of neoplasms since it carries the blood supply and provides support to the growth of cells.
Stroma
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
Benign or malignant?Fibroma
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Chondroma
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Adenoma
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Hepatoma
Malignant
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Papilloma
Benign
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Malignant neoplasms arising in mesenchymal tissue or its derivatives.
Sarcomas
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
Benign tumor arising in fibrous tissue is called?
Fibroma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
A benign cartilagenous tumor is called?
Chondroma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
This is a benign epithelial neoplasm which produces glandular patterns or neoplasms derived from glands but not necessarily exhibit glandular patterns
Adenoma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
These are benign epithelial neoplasms, growing on any surface that produce microscopic or macroscopic finger-like fronds.
Papillomas(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.174
A mass that projects above a mucosal surface to form a macroscopically visible structure.
Polyps(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
A cancer of fibrous tissue origin.
Fibrosarcoma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
Malignant neoplasms of epithelial cell origin.
Carcinoma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.175
Carcinoma of squamous cell origin.
Squamous cell carcinoma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Lymphoma
Malignant(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
Benign or malignant?Seminoma
Malignant(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
The extent to which neoplastic cells resemble their normal forebears morphologically and functionally.
Differentiation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.176
This is considered a hallmark of malignancy, which literally means “to form backward”.
Anaplasia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.177
These cells display marked pleomorphism, nuclei are variable and bizzare in size and shape. Chromatin is course and clumped. Mitoses are often numerous and distinctly atypical.
Anaplastic cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.177
This term is defined by disorderly but non-neoplastic proliferation of cells, described as a loss in uniformity of individual cells and in their architectural orientation.
Dysplasia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.178
Defined as dysplastic changes which involve the entire thickness of the epithelium.
Carcinoma -in- situ(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.178
True or false?Dysplasia always progress to cancer.
False(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.178
True or false?Lack of capsule in a neoplastic growth indicates malignancy.
FalseSome benign tumors are not encapsulated.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.179
This term describes the development of secondary implants discontinuous with the primary tumor, in remote tissues.
Metastasis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.179
Next to metastasis, this is the most reliable feature that distinguishes malignant from benign tumors.
Local invasiveness(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.179
Methods of dissemination of malignant neoplasms? (3)
SeedingLymphatic spreadHematogenous spread(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.180
This is the mode of dissemination of cancers of the ovary and CNS.
Spread by seeding(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.180
This is the mode of dissemination more typical of carcinomas.
Lymphatic spread(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.180
This is the mode of dissemination more typical of sarcomas.
Hematogenous spread
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.180
It is defined as the first lymph node in a regional lymphatic basin that receives lymph flow from a primary tumor.
Sentinel lymph node
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.180
What are the most common sites of metastasis involved in hematogenous dissemination of cancer?
Liver and lungs
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.181
This substance is a byproduct of metal smelting, a component of alloys, electrical and semiconductor devices which could cause cancer of the lungs and skin and hemangiosarcomas. Name Antidote.
Arsenic and its compounds
Antidote: NAC
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
This substance was formerly used for fire-resistant textiles and construction materials which could cause lung cancer and more prominently malignant mesothelioma
Asbestos
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
This substance is commonly used as a solvent in paint, rubber, dry cleaning, adhesives and detergents which could cause leukemias and Hodgkin lymphoma.
Benzene
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
This substance is used as hardener for metal alloys used in aerospace applications and nuclear reactors which is commonly associated with cancer of the lung.
Beryllium and its compounds
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
This substance is used in solders, batteries and metal alloys commonly associated with cancers of the prostate. Name antidote.
Cadmium and its compounds
Antidote: EDTA
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
This substance is a refrigerant and used as adhesive for plastics, which causes hepatic angiosarcoma.
Vinyl chloride
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.183
Inherited gene : Cancer syndrome RB gene
Retinoblastoma
Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p.184