VI and NU - textbook Flashcards
gender and likelihood of VI
women are 3x more
pressure relationships of respiratory pump
breath in:
increased thoracic vol, dec pressure in thoracic cage
- higher pressure in abdominal veins move into thoracic vein
where do repeat ulcerations typically occur?
the same spot as previous ulcers
why do repeat ulcers return to the same spot as previous ones?
1 - local hypoxia and malnutrition that caused the first one
2 - scar tissue with less tensile strength and elasticity can lead to breakdown easily
3 - precipitating factors not being addressed
elastic bandage vs inelastic bandage
elastic - not good for VI treatment
= will not form the calf pump necessary
inelastic = opposite
what is a paste bandage
ie unna boot used for ambulatory patients, lasting one week
nonelastic compression bandage that are “impregnated”
as it dries, becomes more inelastic
disadvantage of paste bandage
can get stinky
not being able to get wet
hard to apply correctly
glycosyilated proteins lead to
more free radicals in abundance
loss of intrinsic muscle of the foot makes this gate phase less stable
stance phase
hallux valgus and claw toe are described as
hyperextension of toe MTP jt
flexion of interphalangeal jt
lack of these motions lead to greater disposition of NU
great toe extension
dorsiflexion
subtalar joint motion
contractions that increase plantar pressures at metatarsal heads
PF
forefoot varus/valgus
what are the reasons for amputation for previous ulcers
1 - immature cross-links and collagen bonds cannot tolerate mechanical stress
2 - scar tissue is less elastic and less mobile during gait
3 - loss of protective sensation
how does diabetes cause visual damage
1 - hyperglycemia directly damages the retina
2 - accumulation of sorbitol in polyol pathway = eye disease
3 - microaneurysms and ischemia in the retina
