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Integ > Bioburden > Flashcards

Bioburden Flashcards

1
Q

bioburden definition

A

microbial burden in the wound
microorganisms present in the wound

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2
Q

what is biofilm scientifically

A

extracellular polysaccharide matrix

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3
Q

what is biofilm in basic terms

A

protective coating produced by colonies of microorganisms

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4
Q

what types of wounds does biofilm cover

A

chronic wounds

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5
Q

after debreiment of microfilm, what is effective within what time frame

A

topical agents - within 24 hours

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6
Q

after debreiment of microfilm, what is not effective within what time frame

A

topical agents - after 72 hours

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7
Q

how do topical agents affect a wound

A

they kill non-dormant microbes that are metabolically active

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8
Q

how to microbial colonies communicate? who do they communicate with? why?

A

other microbial colonies via chemical messages

planned dormancy across a wound to ensure non-effectiveness of topical agents

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9
Q

examples of bioburden formations

A

eschar
slough
necrotic tissue

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10
Q

what are the types of deberiment?

A

slow and fast

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11
Q

examples of slow debreiment

A

autolytic
enzymatic

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12
Q

how is autolytic vs enzymatic debreiment different

A

autolytic - use of the body’s own enzymes under the cover of dressing

enzymatic - added solution containing enzymes

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13
Q

what medical professionals can perform sharp debreiment

A

PT and MD

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14
Q

what is mechanical debreiment

A

person performed clearing of the wound using manual techniques

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15
Q

what is something to keep in consideration of bioburden

A

can communicate a planned spread of the injury to nonaffected areas

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16
Q

how is a biofilm formed

A

microorganisms will
contaminate the wound surface
attach to the surface
alter genetic code
exude extracellular polymeric substance

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17
Q

what is biofilm resistant to

A

antibiotics
antimicrobials

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18
Q

how is biofilm removed

A

sharp
maggot
ultrasonic
– debreiment techniques

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19
Q

what controls the risk of infection in the body

A

individuals immune system
environment in the wound
type of organisms looking to attack

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20
Q

virulent

A

rapidly producing microorganisms
- will take over tissue easily

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21
Q

what environment is best for avoidance of infection

A

moist and warm
balanced pH
sufficient oxygen supply

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22
Q

how does diversity of microbes affect the wound care plan

A

more diversity (aerobic and anaerobic) microbes cause topical agents to be less effective

– will need very strong topical agents that could in turn damage healthy cells

23
Q

contamination

A

organism present on wound surface

24
Q

colonization

A

organisms multiply on wound surface

early reversible adherence
irreversible adherence of organisms in the tissue

25
Q

s/s associated with contamination

A

none

26
Q

s/s associated with colonization

A

none

27
Q

what is another name for biofilm

A

critical colonization

28
Q

s/s of biofilm

A

delayed healing
local infection

29
Q

infection definition

A

organisms invade tissue
systemic response occurs

30
Q

organism # related to infection

A

100,000/gm

31
Q

induration of ___ cm indicates infection

A

within 2 cm of wound edge

32
Q

compare local vs systemic infections and the relation of each to the wound

A

local - within the margins of the wound up to 2cm outside the wound

systemic - extend beyond the margins of the wound

33
Q

examples of systemic infections

A

cellulitis
osteomyelitis
meningitis
endocarditis
bacteremia
sepsis

34
Q

what is an indirect result of endocarditis

A

cardiac tamponade

35
Q

if bone is seen in a wound, what should you be concerned with? what is the plan of action from there?

A

osteomyelitis

MRI

36
Q

what # of symptoms do you need on a clinical signs and symptoms checklist to rule in an infection

A

3

37
Q

what are the clinical signs and symptoms frameworks

A

NERDS
STONEES

38
Q

what is NERDS

A

n - non healing
e - increased exudate
r - red/bleeding granular tissue
d - debris / eschar in wound
s - smell

39
Q

what is STONEES

A

S - size
T - temperature increase
O - exposure to bone
N - new areas of breakdown
E - exudate changes
E - erythema / edema
S - smell

40
Q

management of bioburden

A

cleanse wound / periwound skin
irrigation/pulsating lavage
debride necrotic tissue
antimicrobial dressings

41
Q

time table of antimicrobial dressings

A

work for up to 7 days

42
Q

methods of wound culture

A

cleanse thoroughly
pick healthiest wound tissue
- no necrotic tissue
take sample

43
Q

what are the types of culture taking techniques

A

z - culture
spin culture

44
Q

how often is sharp debreiment repeated

A

every 7 days

45
Q

NPWT

A

negative pressure wound therapy

46
Q

examples of topical agents

A

cadexomer
iodine
silver sulfadizaine
honey
chlorhexidine

47
Q

explain how iodine kills microbes

A

nondiscriminatory

48
Q

how does honey kill microbes

A

cuts off their oxygen supply

49
Q

how does cadexomer iodine kill microbes

A

modifies the iodine compound and releases iodine on a timed basis

50
Q

compare iodine and antimicrobial agents

A

iodine - kills everything
antimicrobial - discriminates the cells killed

51
Q

low toxicity antiseptics

A

saline
tap water
PHMB
chlorhexidine
povidone-iodine

52
Q

high toxicity antiseptics

A

hydrogen peroxide
socium
hypochlorite
ammonia
dyes
iodine

53
Q

what is cadexomer put on

A

granular / new tissue

Integ (12 decks)

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