VH 2 Midterm Flashcards
What causes left-sided heart failure and what condition arises from it?
Left ventricle cannot pump blood out of the body blood,
backs up into the left face atrium and
eventually into the lungs causing ‘congestive heart failure’ CHF
Exertion, emotion, eating and cold are related to what condition?
angina pectoris
What nursing action may benefit patients with CHF
-Check weight at same time daily
-Report weight gain of more than 1 kg in 24 hours
-Utilizing High Fowler’s position when sitting
-Elevate legs while sitting
What does the diagnosis of COPD refer to
A variety of lung conditions characterized by restricted airflow
What causes shingles (herpes zoster)
Caused by the reactivation of a dormant virus
The most common chronic risk factor of ‘CVD’
Hypertension
How often to reposition a patient in bed at risk of pressure ulcers
Every 2 hours
The major signs and symptoms of respiratory disease
cyanosis
sputum production
dyspnea
chest pain
clubbing of fingers
The best way to relieve ‘intermittent claudication’
Often relieved by rest and dangling the legs
The recommended flow rate of O2 via nasal prongs for a patient with COPD
2 - 3 L/m
A patient newly diagnosed with COPD states “if I get short of breath I’ll turn my O2 up”. Does this patient need further teaching? True/False
True
The symptoms associated with ‘hyperthyroidism’ (Graves disease)
Increased metabolic rate
increased appetite
weight loss
tachycardia
The most common cause of M.I.
Reduce blood flow in the coronary arteries due to rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque
The common physiological changes with age of the respiratory system 3
Decreased vital capacity
decreased cough reflex
and
decreased cilia
COPD is an umbrella term for which common disease processes 3
Emphysema
chronic bronchitis
and
chronic asthma
The 3 functions of insulin
To carry glucose into the cells for energy use
What is ‘Keratin’
A tough protective protein
Ventilation
Flow of gas in and out of the lungs
NIDDM is an inherited disease with obesity as a triggering Factor. True/ False
True
Heart failure
The inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs
How would the skin of a diabetic be when they are experiencing ‘hypoglycemia’
Moist and cool
The common signs related to nitroglycerin use
Headache
With right-sided heart failure what is important to teach the patient about their legs
Elevate the legs when sitting
Patient with hypertension symptoms usually disappear when the patient is dehydrated. True/False
False
The deadliest form of ‘skin cancer’
Melanoma
Which risk of factors for ‘heart disease’ cannot be modified
Gender
Essential hypertension
Not caused by an underlying condition
One purpose of evidence-based nursing
To learn about drugs and disease processes
Which characteristics most likely contributes to developing ‘basal cell carcinoma’
Male pattern baldness
What the pancreas cannot do in ‘Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
It is incapable of producing insulin
What is the goal of treatment for left and right sided heart failure
To increase the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart
What should a patient avoid doing that has been diagnosed with thrombophlebitis
To avoid crossing their legs and ankles
How ‘Venous stasis’ is developed
Prolonged periods of activity varicose veins spinal cord injury
‘Exudate’ (another word for it)
Drainage
‘Acromegaly’
Over secretion of the growth hormone
A stage 3 pressure sore
Progression to the shallow crater that extends into the subcutaneous skin layer
A patient recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes needs to know the importance of exercise and weight loss with a diet low in processed sugar May decrease the need for oral hypoglycemics. True/False
True
What disabilities of the foot are most commonly caused by
Poor fitting Footwear
The process of ‘ketoacidosis’
-The body breaks down fat as an energy source
-this causes the release of fatty acids
-A byproduct of fatty acid metabolism is ketones
-A buildup of ketones can lead to ketoacidosis
The factors associated with the development of pneumonia
Immobility
Impaired gas exchange
Atelectasis
What is the major preventable cause of death and disease in Canada
Smoking
A positive ‘Homan’s sign’ is an indication of
The presence of a DVT
The causes of pneumonia in the elderly
Immobility
Ineffective cough
and
decreased immune system function
Red skin patches covered with silvery scales defines what
Psoriasis
The risk factors for ‘heart disease’
Diabetes mellitus
Type A personality
and
physical inactivity
Myocardial infarction
Characterized by subternal pain that may spread
Another name for ‘Type 1 diabetes mellitus’
Insulin dependent
