Veterinary drugs

Question 1

What is an adsorbent drug? Give a common example used in the treatment of diarrhoea.

Answer 1

One which attracts to toxins to it. E.G Kaolin

Question 2

What is meant by the term anabolism?

Answer 2

Anabolism is the building and organising of complex structures from simple molecules. E.G gluconeogenesis.

Question 3

What is meant by the term catabolism?

Answer 3

Catabolism is the opposite of anabolism– the breaking down of complex structures into smaller ones. E.G glycolysis

Question 4

What is an example of an anabolic hormone?

Answer 4

• estrogen
• insulin
• growth hormone
• testosterone

Question 5

What are examples of catabolic hormones?

Answer 5

• adrenaline
• cortisol
• cytokines
• glucagon

Question 6

What properties do local and general anaesthetic share?

Answer 6

1. Reversible

2. insensitivity to pain

Question 7

What term describes drugs that stimulate the cerebral and medullary centres of the brain?

Answer 7

Analeptics

Question 8

What are the drugs that possess masculinising properties called?

Answer 8

androgens

Question 9

What are the drugs that have a neutralising effect upon the hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Answer 9

antacids e.g antipepsin and zantac

Question 10

Antibiotics usually act upon bacteria, but on what other micro-organism might they have an effect?

Answer 10

Fungi

Question 11

Difference between broad spectrum and narrow spectrum antibiotics?

Answer 11

Broad spectrum antibiotics act on both gram positive and gram negative staining bacteria, whilst narrow spectrum antibiotics act on one or the other.

Question 12

Give 2 examples of the use of heparin; an anticoagulant drug.

Answer 12

• To prevent a blood sample (for biochemistry) from clotting.
• As an intravenous injection to treat thrombosis.

Question 13

What is heparin?

Answer 13

an anticoagulant drug.

Question 14

What is the name of a substance that reduces the volume of urine excreted?

Answer 14

antidiuretic

Question 15

antifungal drugs kill or stop the growth of fungi. By what other name might they be known?

Answer 15

Antimycotics

Question 16

What condition is commonly treated with antipyretics?

Answer 16

High temperatures, but not heat stroke

Question 17

Give an example of an antisialagogue commonly used as a premedicant drug and explain its use

Answer 17

Atropine; antisialagogues decrease the amount of salivation, thus making them particularly useful in cases such as dentals.

Question 18

What are antitissusives used to treat?

Answer 18

Antitussives are used to treat respiratory infections and they work by suppressing the cough mechanism. E.G codeine

Question 19

Astringent drugs precipitate protein upon application to the skin or mucous membranes to produce a protective coating. Give 2 examples.

Answer 19

Silver nitrate (skin/claws).
Tannic acid (intestine).

Question 20

What drugs cause expulsion of gas from the stomach?

Answer 20

Carminatives

Question 21

What are cytoxic drugs also known as?

Answer 21

antimyotics

Question 22

For what purpose are demulcents employed?

Answer 22

Demulcents are agents that soothe and allay irritation, especially of sensitive mucous membranes.

Question 23

Give an example of a common diuretic drug and explain when its use might be indicated.

Answer 23

Frusemide (Lasix) is probably the most common diuretic used in practice. It is used to increase the volume of urine produced.

Question 24

Oxytocic drugs stimulate uterine contractions; by what other name are these drugs known?

Answer 24

Ecbolic drugs.

Question 25

what are purgatives also known as?

Answer 25

cathartics.

Question 26

What is the difference between a miotic and a mydriatic drug?

Answer 26

Miotic drugs cause constriction of the pupil (used in the treatment of glaucoma), whereas mydriatics cause dilation of the pupil.

Question 27

What is the difference between a sedative and a tranquilliser?

Answer 27

A sedative has calming effects which may be soporific (causing drowsiness), whilst tranquillisers reduce anxiety without causing the patient to become sleepy.

Question 28

What is a vaccine?

Answer 28

Suspension of killed or attenuated organisms administered for the prevention or treatment of diseases.