Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NMR II > Vestibular Rehab 1 > Flashcards

Vestibular Rehab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 semi circular canals and what type of acceleration do they detect?

A
  • Horizontal
  • Posterior
  • Anterior
  • Detect angular acceleration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 otolith organs and what do each of them detect?

A
  • Saccule: Vertical acceleration
  • Utricle: Linear acceleration & head tilt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What fluid are the semi circular canals filled with?

A

Endolymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the ampulla?

A

Widened end of semicircular canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the ampulla contain?

A

Gelatinous cupula - flexible membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the cupula contain?

A

Sensory hair cells: stereo cilia & kinocilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do the sensory hair cells in the ampulla sit?

A

Crista ampullaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What occurs when the stereocilia are deflected toward kinocilia?

A

Excitation (depolarization)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What occurs when the stereocilia are deflected away from the kinocilia?

A

Inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the healthy vestibular system resting firing rate?

A

70-100 spikes/sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are inside the otolith organs?

A

Maculae and otoconia that sits on top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

With head tilt or acceleration, gravity/other acceleration pull on crystal which activates what?

A

Hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What structures contain hair cells that deflect with head movements?

A

Cupula and maculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures contain otoconia?

A

Utricle or saccule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structures sense rotational head movements?

A

Semicircular canals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When you turn your head to the left, what occurs in an intact vestibular system?

A
  • Left Vestibular Apparatus is Excited and Right Inhibited
  • Eye go right
17
Q

What is oscillopsia?

A
  • Stationary objects in the environment appear to be in motion when the patient is in motion
  • Cause blurred vision
18
Q

What is disequilibrium ?

A

Sensation of being off balance

19
Q

What might a patient report if they have vertigo?

A

Room is spinning

20
Q

What is the pathophysiology of BPPV?

A
  • Otoconia is dislodged from the otolith organs (usually utricle)
  • It float in the semi-circular canal disrupting the vestibular signals to the brain
21
Q

What does: Benign Paroxysmal Position Vertigo mean?

A
  • Benign: not life threatening with overall favorable prognosis
  • Paroxysmal: Rapid and sudden onset, short spell
  • Positional: Only occurs with certain head movements
  • Vertigo: Feels like you are spinning or the world around you is spinning
22
Q

What is canalithiasis?

A
  • Otoconia are free floating in the semicircular canal
  • Vertigo lasts 30-90 seconds then fatigues
23
Q

What is cupulothiasis?

A
  • Otoconia are adhered to the cupula
  • Vertigo greater than 90 seconds and does not fatigue
24
Q

During pathophysiology of BPPV: The particles in the canal affect the flow of endolymph as the head is turned. What series of events does this cause?

A
  • Disruption of the cupula deflection when the head is turned
  • Inaccurate signals are sent down CN VIII that are different than what the head is actually doing (some hair cells excite while others inhibit and it is not consistent with the head movement)
  • Discrepancy of sensory information between ears causes vertigo and nystagmus
25
Q

What symptoms are seen with BPPV?

A
  • Nystagmus & Vertigo with change in head position (lasts <15 sec)
  • Occasional nausea with or without vomiting
  • Disequilibrium
26
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

involuntary eye movement

27
Q

What is normal/typical nystagmus?

A
  • Following lots of spinning
  • Optokinetic reflex
28
Q

What is atypical nystagmus?

A
  • CNS Pathology, vestibular pathology, drug toxicity
  • BPPV: the movement of the cupula or crystals causes alteration in firing rate
29
Q

What tests and measures test the posterior or anterior canal?

A
  • Dix-Hallpike Test
  • Sidelying Test
30
Q

What test examines the horizontal canal?

A

Roll test

31
Q

What is vertebrobasilar insufficiency?

A

Occlusion of the vertebral artery resulting in loss of blood flow to the brain

32
Q

Dix-Hallpike Maneuver examines posterior canal of (BLANK) ear and anterior canal of (BLANK) ear

A

Dix-Hallpike examines posterior canal of downward ear and anterior canal of upward ear

33
Q

During Dix-Hallpike maneuver if the posterior canal is involved what type of nystagmus is seen?

A

Torsional upbeating nystagmus

34
Q

During Dix-Hallpike maneuver if the anterior canal is involved what type of nystagmus is seen?

A

Torsional downbeating nystagmus

35
Q

During Dix-Hallpike maneuver if canalithiasis is present how long will nystagmus last?

A

Transient nystagmus <30-90 seconds

36
Q

During Dix-Hallpike maneuver if cupulolithiasis is present how long will nystagmus last?

A

prolonged nystagmus >90 seconds, does not fatigue

37
Q

What geotropic nystagmus?

A
  • Fast phase is toward the earth
  • Otoconia are in canal
  • Side with strongest nystagmus is the affected ear
38
Q

What is ageotropic nystagmus?

A
  • Fast phase is away from the ear
  • Otoconia are in cupula
  • Side opposite strongest nystagmus is affected ear

NMR II (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions