Vestibular Junk Balancing

Question 1

What is the sixth sense?

Answer 1

vestibular

Question 2

what are the two parts of the of vestibular system?

Answer 2

Peripheral sensory apparatus- the labyrinth Central pathways

Question 3

Where are vestibular end organs located relative to the cochlea

Answer 3

posterior and lateral

Question 4

what are bony cavities filled with / contain?

Answer 4

perilymph and contain membranous sacs with endolymph

Question 5

Semicircular canals (3) what do they do?

Answer 5

detect angular head acceleration - Anterior (Superior) - Posterior (Inferior) - Lateral (Horizontal)

Question 6

Otolith organs (2) what do they do?

Answer 6

-detect linear head acceleration - Utricle - Saccule

Question 7

What are the two unnamed structures?

Answer 7

Big = Utricle

Small = Saccule

Question 8

Crista ampullaris

Answer 8

The sensory sheet within the ampulla, containing hair cells and supporting cells.

Question 9

What hair structures determine polarization?

Answer 9

many stereocilia (St) and a single kinocilium (Ki)

Question 10

how do you depolarize the hair cells

Answer 10

Displacement of the stereocilia bundle toward the kinocilium results in hair cell depolarization.

Question 11

how far off of horizontal is the lateral loop?

Answer 11

30 degrees up

Question 12

Purpose of the Saccule and uticle

Answer 12

saccule = verticle

Utricle = horizontal

Question 13

What are sensory sheets of the otolith organs called?

Answer 13

maculae –Otolithic Membrane (OM) is a gelatinous membrane covered by otoconia (OT) - calcium carbonate crystals that make the membrane heavier

Question 14

Scarpa’s ganglion

Answer 14

The vestibular nerve arises from bipolar neurons that innervate the semicircular canals and otolith organ

Question 15

The vestibular nuclei (4)

Answer 15

Superior

Inferior

Medial

Lateral

Question 16

Central Vestibular Pathways (4)

Answer 16

Vestibulo-thalamocortical

Vestibulo-ocular

Vestibulo-spinal

Vestibulo-autonomic

Question 17

Lateral vesibulo spinal tract

Answer 17

goes all the way down to the toes

IPSILATERAL from lateral vestibular nucleus down the spinal column

Question 18

Vestibul-colic fn and pathway

Answer 18

maintains the head stability via neck muscles during body movement

medial vestibular nuclei -> bilateral projections to Cspine -> vestibulo spinal tract

Question 19

what is an otolithic specifec test

Answer 19

VEMPS ( vestibular evoked myogenic potentials)

Question 20

Vestibular - sympathetic pathways

Answer 20

check orthostatics,