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Ther Ex > Vestibular > Flashcards

Vestibular Flashcards

1
Q

Balance related falls account for greater than ____ of accidental deaths in the elderly

A

One-half

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2
Q

The generic and inclusive term used to describe everything from feeling faint, weak, unsteady, experiencing blurred vision or vertigo

A

Dizziness

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3
Q

Dizziness may stem from

A

Medication side effects, head or neck injuries, brain disorders and vestibular system

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4
Q

“The 3-Legged Stool”

A

Visual, Somatosensory and Vestibular System

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5
Q

3 Primary Functions of the Vestibular System

A
  1. Stabilize vision during head movement
  2. Maintain postural stability
  3. Provide information for spatial orientation
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6
Q

Vestibular Nuclear Complex

A

4 paired nuclei, primary processor of vestibular input

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7
Q

Cerebellum

A

“Real time processor”. Monitors vestibular performance and adjusts central processing

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8
Q

Central Vestibular System

A

Vestibular Nuclear Complex and Cerebellum

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9
Q

Peripheral Vestibular System

A

Labyrinth, semicircular canals, otolith organs and eighth cranial nerve

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10
Q

Labyrinth

A

Houses vestibular apparatus

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11
Q

Semicircular Canals

A

Sense rotation motion

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12
Q

Otolith Organs

A

Sense linear acceleration

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13
Q

Eighth Cranial Nerve

A

Communicative vestibular information to vestibular nuclei

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14
Q

Named for complexity of convoluted shape, size of a dime, located deep within the temporal bone

A

The Labyrinth

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15
Q

Senses rotation, 3 canals

A

The Semicircular Canals

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16
Q

Ampulla

A

Enlarged at base of each SCC. Contains cupula.

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17
Q

Cupula

A

Gelatinous barrier containing hair cells

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18
Q

Kinocilia

A

Larger hair cells

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19
Q

Stereocilia

A

Smaller hair cells

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20
Q

Crista Ampularris

A

Sensory organ of rotation

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21
Q

Endolymph

A

Reponsed to head motion

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22
Q

Deflection of the stereocilia caused by motion of the endolymph results in the stimulation of?

A

CN VIII

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23
Q

Excitation of SCC

A

Stereocillia deflect toward kinocilia

24
Q

Inhibition of SCC

A

Stereocillia deflect away from kinocilia

25
Q

Utricle

A

Horizontal linear acceleration

26
Q

Saccule

A

Vertical linear acceleration

27
Q

Macula

A

Located in each otolith organ. Contains hair cells.

28
Q

Otocunia

A

Hair like on top of macula

29
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

A

Sensory nerve arising from the brainstem

30
Q

Cochlear Nerve

A

Carries information about hearing

31
Q

Vestibular Nerve

A

Carries information about balance

32
Q

Symptoms of CN VIII damage

A

Hearing loss, ringing of the ears, nausea, severe dizziness, difficulty maintaining balance

33
Q

Vestibular Dysfunction Symptoms

A

Reduces the appropriate neural output for spatial orientation, posutal control or eye movement control

34
Q

Central Pathology

A

Affects integration and processing of sensory input from the vestibular, visual and somatosensory systems

35
Q

Common Central Vestibular Disorders

A

Head trauma, brainstem strokes, multiple sclerosis, cerebellar degernation

36
Q

Peripheral Pathology

A

Diminishes available sensory information regarding head position and movement

37
Q

Common Peripheral Vestibular Disorders

A

Labyrinthitis, Menieres Disease

38
Q

Vestibular Neuritis

A

Inflammation of the vestibular nerve. Lasting 2-3 days.

39
Q

Vestibular Neuritis Symptoms

A

Nausea, severe vertigo, nystagmus

40
Q

Vestibular Labyrinthitis

A

Inflammation of the labyrinth. Lasting 1-4 days.

41
Q

Meineres Disease

A

Associated with abnormal inner ear fluid pressure

42
Q

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

A

Otoconia displacement (falls into SCC). Vertigo for less than 2 minutes.

43
Q

Vestibular Hypofunction

A

Causes postural deficit. Bilateral or unilaterally.

44
Q

Labyrinthectomy

A

Destroys entire labyrinth. All hearing is lost.

45
Q

Acoustic Neuroma

A

Slow growing tumor on the vestibularcoclear nerve. Noncancerous but causes dmages as it grows.

46
Q

Simultaneous movements of both eyes in the same direction that serve as a mechanism for fixation

A

Saccades

47
Q

Simultaneous movement of both eyes in opposite direction to maintain binocular vision

A

Vergence

48
Q

Rapid, rhythmic, involuntary movement of the eyes

A

Nystagmus

49
Q

Testing anterior and posterior canals

A

Dix-Hallpike Test

50
Q

Testing horizontal canals

A

Head Rolling Test (look for signs of nystagmus and dizziness)

51
Q

Treats anterior and posterior canals

A

Epley Maneuver

52
Q

Liberatory Movement

A

Treats BPPV (anterior and posterior)

53
Q

3 Basic Concepts for Vestibular Rehab

A
  1. Adaption Exercises
  2. Substitutional Exercises
  3. Habituation Exercises
54
Q

Uses to promote balance and reduce falls by using visual or somatosensory input

A

Substitution Exercises

55
Q

Used to reduce movement/position-induced dizziness through repeated exposure to noxious stimuli

A

Habituation Exercises

56
Q

Performed at home if Epley is not 100% effective

A

Brandt-Daroff Exercises

Ther Ex (5 decks)

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