Vestibular

Question 1

vestibular system

Answer 1

balance

Question 2

cochlea

Answer 2

hearing

Question 3

2 major functions of the inner ear

Answer 3

• transduce mechanical energy from middle ear in a form of energy the brain can understand
• converts info regarding the body’s position and movement

Question 4

temporal bone

Answer 4

• inner ear is located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
• comprised of the squamous, tympanic, mastoid bone

Question 5

auditory labyrinth

Answer 5

cochlea

-sensory end organ of hearing

Question 6

vestibular labyrinth

Answer 6

semicircular canals

-sensory end-organ of balance

Question 7

2 halves of the inner ear

Answer 7

• vestibular= transduces motion and pull of gravity

- cochlear= traduces sound energy

Question 8

dominate role of inner ear

Answer 8

sensing motion, helps stabilize posture, maintaining posture, establish point in space

Question 9

membraneous labyrinth

Answer 9

endolymph

Question 10

bony labyrinth

Answer 10

perilymph

Question 11

semicircular canals

Answer 11

• each of the canals is oriented in a different position and at right angles to the others
• lateral canal in a horizontal plane
• superior and posterier canals are oriented in 2 different vertical planes
• angular or rotational movement of the head is detected by sense organs at the base of the 3 semicircular canals
• houses the sense organs for movement of body in space

Question 12

superior SCC

Answer 12

senses rotation of the head in anterior to posterior axis

Question 13

posterior SCC

Answer 13

senses movement in the sagittal plane (vertically)

Question 14

lateral SCC

Answer 14

senses rotation of the head around a vertical axis (neck)

Question 15

ampulla

Answer 15

wider portion of each semicircular canal

-houses the crust ampularis

Question 16

crista

Answer 16

complex sense organ containing hair cells

-receptor organ for movement

Question 17

cupula

Answer 17

resting on top if the crust, a gelatinous structure that enhances movement of hair cells in the crust with movement of the head

Question 18

peripheral vestibular apparatus

Answer 18

receptor organs

Question 19

saccule and utricle

Answer 19

2 of the major structures of the peripheral vestibular system

• detect movement in a straight line and also the force of gravity
• referred to as otolith organs because the contain tiny rock-like crystals

Question 20

otoconia

Answer 20

tiny rock like crystals in the saccule and utricle

Question 21

macula

Answer 21

special sense organ in the saccule and utricle

-contains type 1 and type 2 cells

Question 22

type 1 hair cells

Answer 22

goblet shaped

Question 23

type 2 hair cells

Answer 23

cylinder shaped cells

Question 24

vestibular nerve

Answer 24

comprised of interior and superior divisions

• located in the internal auditory canal
• runs from the vestibular apparatus on each side through the internal auditory canals to the brainstem

Question 25

inferior division of the vestibular nerve

Answer 25

originates at the macula of the saccule and the crust of the posterior semicircular canal

Question 26

superior division of the vestibular nerve

Answer 26

innervates the macula of the utricle and the crust within the lateral and superior semicircular canals

Question 27

Scarpa's ganglion

Answer 27

location of 18,000 vestibular nerve fibers with cell bodies

Question 28

central vestibular system

Answer 28

consists of a complex of nuclei in the brainstem and pathways leading to a variety of muscle groups - info from different structures within the peripheral vestibular apparatus - tracts from the vestibular nucleus on each side of the brainstem travel to the cerebellum, to visual and motor centers in the brainstem, etc

Question 29

which way does fluid flow in the vestibular system?

Answer 29

flows opposite of the head movments

Question 30

vertigo

Answer 30

main feature of the vestibular disorder | -sensation that the environment is spinning

Question 31

3 vestibular tests

Answer 31

- electronystagmography - rotational chair test - posturography

Question 32

4 main parts of the ENG

Answer 32

- calibration test - tracking test - positional test - caloric test

Question 33

3 parts of the rotational chair test

Answer 33

- optokinetic test - the chair test - the fixation test