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CDS 4300 exam 2 > Vestibular > Flashcards

Vestibular Flashcards

1
Q

vestibular system

A

balance

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2
Q

cochlea

A

hearing

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3
Q

2 major functions of the inner ear

A
  • transduce mechanical energy from middle ear in a form of energy the brain can understand
  • converts info regarding the body’s position and movement
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4
Q

temporal bone

A
  • inner ear is located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
  • comprised of the squamous, tympanic, mastoid bone
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5
Q

auditory labyrinth

A

cochlea

-sensory end organ of hearing

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6
Q

vestibular labyrinth

A

semicircular canals

-sensory end-organ of balance

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7
Q

2 halves of the inner ear

A
  • vestibular= transduces motion and pull of gravity

- cochlear= traduces sound energy

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8
Q

dominate role of inner ear

A

sensing motion, helps stabilize posture, maintaining posture, establish point in space

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9
Q

membraneous labyrinth

A

endolymph

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10
Q

bony labyrinth

A

perilymph

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11
Q

semicircular canals

A
  • each of the canals is oriented in a different position and at right angles to the others
  • lateral canal in a horizontal plane
  • superior and posterier canals are oriented in 2 different vertical planes
  • angular or rotational movement of the head is detected by sense organs at the base of the 3 semicircular canals
  • houses the sense organs for movement of body in space
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12
Q

superior SCC

A

senses rotation of the head in anterior to posterior axis

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13
Q

posterior SCC

A

senses movement in the sagittal plane (vertically)

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14
Q

lateral SCC

A

senses rotation of the head around a vertical axis (neck)

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15
Q

ampulla

A

wider portion of each semicircular canal

-houses the crust ampularis

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16
Q

crista

A

complex sense organ containing hair cells

-receptor organ for movement

17
Q

cupula

A

resting on top if the crust, a gelatinous structure that enhances movement of hair cells in the crust with movement of the head

18
Q

peripheral vestibular apparatus

A

receptor organs

19
Q

saccule and utricle

A

2 of the major structures of the peripheral vestibular system

  • detect movement in a straight line and also the force of gravity
  • referred to as otolith organs because the contain tiny rock-like crystals
20
Q

otoconia

A

tiny rock like crystals in the saccule and utricle

21
Q

macula

A

special sense organ in the saccule and utricle

-contains type 1 and type 2 cells

22
Q

type 1 hair cells

A

goblet shaped

23
Q

type 2 hair cells

A

cylinder shaped cells

24
Q

vestibular nerve

A

comprised of interior and superior divisions

  • located in the internal auditory canal
  • runs from the vestibular apparatus on each side through the internal auditory canals to the brainstem
25
Q

inferior division of the vestibular nerve

A

originates at the macula of the saccule and the crust of the posterior semicircular canal

26
Q

superior division of the vestibular nerve

A

innervates the macula of the utricle and the crust within the lateral and superior semicircular canals

27
Q

Scarpa’s ganglion

A

location of 18,000 vestibular nerve fibers with cell bodies

28
Q

central vestibular system

A

consists of a complex of nuclei in the brainstem and pathways leading to a variety of muscle groups

  • info from different structures within the peripheral vestibular apparatus
  • tracts from the vestibular nucleus on each side of the brainstem travel to the cerebellum, to visual and motor centers in the brainstem, etc
29
Q

which way does fluid flow in the vestibular system?

A

flows opposite of the head movments

30
Q

vertigo

A

main feature of the vestibular disorder

-sensation that the environment is spinning

31
Q

3 vestibular tests

A
  • electronystagmography
  • rotational chair test
  • posturography
32
Q

4 main parts of the ENG

A
  • calibration test
  • tracking test
  • positional test
  • caloric test
33
Q

3 parts of the rotational chair test

A
  • optokinetic test
  • the chair test
  • the fixation test

CDS 4300 exam 2 (4 decks)

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