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Neuromsk 2 > Vestib Unit 1 Review > Flashcards

Vestib Unit 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

How common is dizziness?

A

Second most common complaint after LBP in adults

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2
Q

Who is more commonly affected by vestibular symptoms

A

Women

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3
Q

Vestibular rehab uses what concept to retrain the brain

A

neuro-plasticity

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4
Q

What is vertigo

A

False sense of movement

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5
Q

How are the semi-circular canals paired?

A

R anterior w/ L posterior

R Horizontal w/ L horizontal

R posterior w/ L anterior

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6
Q

The semicircular canals sense what kind of movements?

The otolithic organs (utricle and saccule) sense what kind of movement?

A

Rotational

Linear

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7
Q

How does the semicircular canal detect movement

A

Endolymph moves over haircells in the paired semicircular canals on each side

on one side it causes an excitatory signal, on the opposite side it causes an inhibitory signal

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8
Q

What does the Vestibulo-ocular reflex do?

A

Keeps eyes locked on target when head moves

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9
Q

What does the vesibulospinal reflex do?

A

Maintains head and body equilibrium

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10
Q

What is the most common peripheral vestibular condition

A

BPPV

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11
Q

How does BPPV happen?

A

An otoconia becomes dislodged from utricle and saccule and floats into the semi-circular canal, causing a sense of movement as it falls through the canal due to gravity

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12
Q

How do the symptoms of BPPV present

A

Brief vertigo 10-60s caused by changes of head position against gravity

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13
Q

Canalithiasis vs Cupulolithiasis

A

Both forms of BPPV

Canal- normal BPPV

Cupulolithiasis has more immediate onset and intensity of symptoms of more intense and constant. (rare)

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14
Q

What normally causes neuritis?

A

Viral infections

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15
Q

Neuritis vs labyrinthitis

what are the symptoms of both?

A

Neuritis has no hearing loss

labyrinthitis has hearing loss

Sudden onset of vertigo, lasts 3-7 days and can resolve in 2 weeks. Often follows respiratory infection

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16
Q

What is vestibular hypofunction?

A

Diminished or weak neurological signal from vesibular system

can cause postural instability, gaze instability, dizziness, motion sensitivity, kinesiophobia

17
Q

How does an acoustic neuroma present

A

Benign slow growing tumor of myelin sheath

causes gradual onset of unilateral hearingloss, tinnitus, imbalance, motion-sensitivity

18
Q

What is meniere’s disease

A

AKA Endolymphatic hydrops

Build up of fluid within inner ear causing increased pressure

19
Q

Meniere disease presentation

A

Reoccuring episodes of vertigo lasting 1-3 days wtith gradual improvement over 1-2 weeks

low frequency hearing loss

20
Q

What is a fistula/Dehiscence

A

Structural hole in inner ear causing constant pressure changes

causes reoccuring spells of vertigo

21
Q

What is the cause of PPPD

how long must symptoms be present to qualify as PPPD

A

abnormal adaptation following vestibular trauma

has to last more than 3 months

22
Q

What is MDDS (Mal de Debarquement)

A

mal-adaptation following disembarking a moving vehicle

associated w/ anxiety

23
Q

Vestibular migraine

A

Reoccuring episodes of vertigo associated w/ headache, photophobia, phonophobia, and anxiety

can last 1-5 days

24
Q

What is the most important part of the assessment of vestibular symptoms

A

subjective interview

25
Q

When screening patients w/ dizziness what is it important to rule out

A

CNS problems

Cardiovascular problems

26
Q

Nystagmus is named for the ____ Phase

A

fast

27
Q

What causes the slow phase of nystagmus?

What causes the fast phase?

A

VOR

Corrective Saccades

28
Q

Nystagmus caused by peripheral systems usually presents how?

A

Usually horizontal

Decreases intensity w/ fixation

Does not change sides

29
Q

What is alexander’s law?

A

Peripheral nystagmus increases intensity if you gaze towards the fast phase

30
Q

How does central nystagmus present?

A

Can change directions

not affected by fixation

Can be horizontal or vertical

31
Q

What are the advantages of frenzel and infared goggles

A

takes away ability to fixate allowing medical team to see nystagmus

32
Q

What is the VNG/ENG nystagmography

A

includes infrared goggles, video recording

electrodes on eye muscles

uses calorics (hot and cold air in the ear)

Gold standard for identifying unilateral vestibular hypofunction

33
Q

What is the gold standard for identifying bilateral vestibular hypofunction

A

Rotary chair

34
Q

What is included in the peripheral vestibular system

A

Inner ear

8th cranial nerve

35
Q

If you turn your head to the left, which side semicircular canal is excitatory and which is inhibitory

A

L horizontal is excitatory

R Horizontal is inhibitory

Neuromsk 2 (9 decks)

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