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Gross Anatomy 2 - Block 1 > Vessels Of The Head And Neck > Flashcards

Vessels Of The Head And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Which artery is the principal artery supplying the head and neck?

A

Common Carotid Artery

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2
Q

How do the right and the left common carotid arteries arise differently?

A

The right arises deep to the SC joint from the brachiocephalic trunk
The left arises from the arch of the aorta between the brachiocephalic (to its R) and the left subclavian (to its L)

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3
Q

What are the contents of the carotid sheath?

A

CCA
Internal jugular vein (IJV)
Vagus nerve

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4
Q

Along which landmark does the carotid sheath run?

A

Trachea

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5
Q

True or false: Common carotid arteries give off no branches

A

True

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6
Q

At which level does the common carotid arteries bifurcate?

A

C3/4

Superior border of thyroid cartilage

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7
Q

To which landmark of C6 does the common carotid pass anterior?

A

Carotid tubercle on TP

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8
Q

Into which arteries does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

External Carotid Artery

Internal Carotid Artery

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9
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

A 
Superior Thyroid Artery
Ascending Pharyngeal Artery
Lingual Artery
Facial Artery
Occipital Artery
Posterior Auricular Artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Maxillary Artery
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10
Q

Which vein runs along the common carotid artery?

A

Internal Jugular Vein

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11
Q

Of what is the internal jugular vein a continuation?

A

Sigmoid dural venous sinus

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12
Q

True or false: the two IJVs drain blood from the majority of the head and neck

A

True

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13
Q

What is the upper dilated portion of the IJV?

A

Superior jugular bulb

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14
Q

True or false: the superior jugular bulb may project into the floor of the tympanic cavity

A

True

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15
Q

How is the internal jugular veins positioned in relation to the other structures within the carotid sheath?

A

First lies posterior to the internal carotid artery and vagus nerve
Then lateral to the internal carotid artery and vagus nerve

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16
Q

To which muscles is the IJV deep?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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17
Q

What are the tributaries of the internal jugular vein?

A 
Inferior petrosal sinus
Pharyngeal veins
Common facial vein
Lingual vein
Superior and middle thyroid veins
(Occipital vein - sometimes - otherwise drawings into deep cervical and/vertebral veins)
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18
Q

At which location is the inferior jugular bulb?

A

Just before the internal jugular vein terminates by joining the subclavian to form the brachiocephalic vein

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19
Q

True or False: External jugular vein is subcutaneous (superficial)

A

True

20
Q

True or False: the internal jugular vein drains the cranial vault

A

True

21
Q

True or false: paths of veins are highly variable

A

True

22
Q

To which muscle is the external jugular vein superficial?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

23
Q

At which level does the external jugular vein terminate?

A

Posterior cervical triangle by joining the subclavian or internal jugular vein

24
Q

What are the borders of the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Posterior edge SCM
Anterior edge trapezius
Clavicle

25
Q

Describe the location of the anterior jugular vein

A

Suprahyoid region descending on the surface of suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles

26
Q

Into which veins do the anterior jugular veins drain?

A

External jugular or subclavian

27
Q

What does the superior thyroid artery supply?

A

Adjacent muscles
Thyroid and parathyroid
Larynx

28
Q

What does the ascending pharyngeal artery supply?

A 
Pharyngeal muscles
Palatine tonsil
Prevertebral muscles
Tympanic cavity
Dura
29
Q

Which branch is of importance off of the ascending pharyngeal artery?

A

Middle miningeal branch - passes through foramen lacerum to dura

30
Q

What does the lingual artery supply?

A

Principal supply to tongue and floor of mouth

Palatine tonsil

31
Q

Briefly describe the path of the lingual artery

A

Deep to digastric tendon and hypoglossus muscle

32
Q

What are the division of classification of the facial artery branches?

A

Cervical Branches

Facial Branches

33
Q

Describe the course of the facial artery

A

Close to the pharynx then crossing the mandible to ascend lateral to the angle of the mouth alongside the nose and terminates as the angular artery

34
Q

What are the cervical branches of the facial artery?

A 
Ascending palatine
Tonsillar artery
Glandular branches
Submental artery
Muscular branches
35
Q

What are the facial branches of the facial artery?

A

Interior labial artery
Superior labial artery
Lateral nasal artery
Angular artery

36
Q

Describe the path of the occipital artery

A

From posterior surface of external carotid artery

Closely related to hypoglossal nerve near proximal part

37
Q

What does the occipital artery supply?

A

Back of scalp

38
Q

Which branch of the occipital artery forms anastomoses?

A

Descending branch running caudal in posterior neck

39
Q

With which arteries does the descending branch of the occipital artery for anastomoses?

A

Vertebral artery
Costocervical Artery
Thyrocervical Trunk

40
Q

Describe the posterior auricular artery

A

Branches from the posterior surface of the external carotid artery
Passes posterior to external auditory meatus

41
Q

Describe the superficial temporal artery

A

Smaller of two terminal branches of the external carotid artery
Supplies TM joint, masseter, temporalis, parotid, and scalp
Runs directly anterior to external auditory meatus

42
Q

What are the three divisions of the maxillary artery?

A

Mandibular portion
Pterygoid Portion
Pterygopalatine Portion

43
Q

Which branches of the maxillary artery arise from the mandibular portion?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

Middle meningeal artery (foramen spinosum)

44
Q

Describe the location of the pterygoid portion of the maxillary artery

A

Arises from the mandibular portion of the maxillary artery lying superficial to the pterygoid process and giving off 4+ branches

45
Q

What are the branches of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery?

A

Posterior superior alveolar artery (molars, gums, maxillary sinus)
Infraorbital artery (infraorbital foramen to mm and skin)
Anterior superior alveolar artery
Greater palatine artery
Lesser palatine artery
Sphenopalatine artery

Gross Anatomy 2 - Block 1 (7 decks)

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