Vesicoureteral Reflux

Question 1

Vesicoureteral reflux into non dilated ureter

Answer 1

Grade 1

Question 2

Vesicoureteral reflux into upper collecting system without dilatation

Answer 2

Grade 2

Question 3

Vesicoureteral reflux into dilated ureter and or blunting of calyceal fornices

Answer 3

Grade 3

Question 4

Vesicoureteral reflux into grossly dilated ureter

Answer 4

Grade 4

Question 5

massive vesicoureteral reflux with signifacant dilation and tortuosity and loss of papillary impression

Answer 5

Grade 5

Question 6

Diagnosis of VUR?

Answer 6

catheterization of bladder, instillation of solution containing iodinated contrast , VCUG or radionuclide cystogram respectively

Question 7

VUR occurring during bladder filling

Answer 7

low-pressure VUR

Question 8

VUR during voiding

Answer 8

high pressure VUR

Question 9

less likely to resolve

Answer 9

VUR in children with low pressure VUR

Question 10

mean age of VUR resolution

Answer 10

6 yrs old

Question 11

medical therapy for VUR

Answer 11

observation with behavioral modification or behavioral modification with antimicrobial prophylaxis

Question 12

When is prophylaxis recommended in patients with VUR?

Answer 12

children at greater risk <1yr old

children with bladder and bowel dysfunction