Very Important Flashcards
PE
- Educational activity
- Teach skills
- Teach through motor movement
- Teach about bodies & physical potential
Sport
- Human activity
- Uses administration & rules
- Involves Competition, Challenge & Use of specific skills
- Any sport has a definite background
Recreation
- Voluntary activity
- Beneficial
- Happens during leisure or free time
Play
- Spontaneous & Enjoyable activity
- Participate for sake of playing
- Must play to learn
Meaning of “posture”
Alignment of body parts
How well child can keep body upright & balanced
Posture Problems x3
Kyphosis
Round upper back marked increase in curve of back
Lordosis
Hollow back - exaggerated forward curve of lower back
Scoliosis
Lateral curvature, C-shaped, extending length of spinal column
Importance of warming ups
- improve flexibility
- prepare mind, heart, muscles and joints for exercises
- Reduce the likelihood of injury.
Importance of cooling down
- prevents pooling of blood in limbs -> can cause fainting & dizziness
- helps heart, muscles and tissues to recover from exercise.
Nutrients
- Essential things that make up food needed for body to function
- Each nutrient category has different function
- Protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals, water & fibre
Protein
- growth & repair food
- Main body-building nutrient
- Repair of damaged tissue
- High quality - animals - meat
- Low quality - plants - nuts
Carbohydrates
- Energy Food
- Responsible for most energy
- Broken down quickly & easily in digestive system to make glucose energy
- Natural - balance of nutrients - potatoes, rice, fruit
- Refined - low in nutrients & high in calories - white sugar, chocolate
Fat
-Slow energy food
-Concentrated energy - 2x more & weaker than carbohydrates
-Only need a small amount - too much -> obesity, heart attack & cancer
-From animal & vegetables foods
2 types:
-Saturated fats - solid at room temperature - margarine
-Polyunsaturated fats - fish
Vitamins
- Needed for chemical processes to happen in body
- Need a small amount
- Low = reduce performance
- None = sick
- 2 types - fat-soluble & water-soluble
- Fat soluble - stored in fat ready to be used
- Water soluble - can’t be stored
Minerals
- Basic elements found in soil & air
- Need small amount
- Include calcium, sodium, iron
- Important for nerves & muscles to function & build body - bones, teeth, sin & muscles
Ligaments
- Strong fibrous straps.
- Bones at each joint are linked by tough ligaments.
Tendons
- connecting sheaths joined together at the end of each muscle from tendons.
- They are made up of strong tissue.
Five types of testing
- Growth - height, weight and fatness
- Health-related - Physical fitness; -cardio, fat strength & flexibility
- Movement skills (stability, locomotion & manipulation) - fine, gross motor skills
- Knowledge - cognitive tests
- Affective measures - feelings/attitudes towards physical education
RICER
Rest Ice Compression Elevation Referral
HARM
Heat
Alcohol
Running
Massage
Roles of Coach x5
. teacher … passing on information, skills and ideas
. trainer … improving athlete’s fitness
. motivator … instilling a positive, resolute approach
. disciplinarian … firm but fair, determining a reward system and punishment
. friend … supporting and nurturing
. student … watching, asking questions, listening, learning
Four instances in which a teacher can be found guilty of negligence
- If not acting in accordance with his or her duty
- Breaching duty • In event of an injury
- Proximate cause • Badly organised field trips
- Failing to aid an injured learner
- Permitting learners to play unsafe games
- Failing to provide adequate instruction
- Taking unreasonable risk
Importance of knowledge of growth and development x5
- Knowledge of growth and development helps coaches choose the correct type and duration of exercises in relation to a child’s/athlete’s stage of development.
- Working with weights can be dangerous if the child has not yet reached adolescence. This is because the child’s skeleton is still mostly cartilage which is softer than bone).
- Heavy weights and repeated pounding should be avoided.
- The length of the training session also has to be considered.
- Realistic expectations encourage the child to participate in sport throughout his or her life, which is essential for good health.
