Less Important Flashcards
Training Principals x5
Progression
Overload
Specificity
Variation
Reversibility
Progression
The gradual increase in load and intensity of training, from easy to difficult.
Overload
Placing greater rather than previous demands on the energy system being trained.
Specificity
Concentration on the development of the primary fitness components required for a particular sport.
Variation
Helps maintain the athlete’s interest in the training programme and therefore keeps the athlete motivated.
Reversibility
“If you don’t use it, you lose it.”
Components of fitness x5
Strength
Power
Speed
Endurance
Flexibility
Strength
Ability of body & parts to apply force against resistance
Important for power & speed
Power
Rate of work performance.
Comes from combination of optimal combination of strength & speed
Speed
Max velocity of muscle contraction in movement of body parts - accelerate & run
Endurance
Max work muscles can perform in repeated contractions
Flexibility
Range of movement around joint
Depends on bone & point structure and bulk of muscle close to joint
The suitability of circuit training for young children
- Circuit training exercises concentrate on the all-round development of the child.
- The young athlete has to focus on the use of personal body weight (this makes it easier for schools/clubs that do not have equipment) and other resistance methods (medicine balls, weights or equipment).
- Exercises completed according to the child’s ability.
- The rate of improvement is determined by the rate of progression.
The reason for the modification of rules for children’s sport (mini-sport)
● Children cannot play according to adult rules and nor can they use adult equipment.
● Children’s physical size and proportions are changing constantly and rules need modification.
● Modifications include decreasing the playing area, the goals, the playing times, and smaller teams.
● Changes will increase the level of success/achievements which, in turn, will have a good effect on children’s self-image. This will then encourage them to continue participating in sport.
Dealing with epileptic seizure
● No restraints should be applied – let the seizure take its course.
● Environment must be made safe, remove objects.
● Place child in a lateral recovery position.
● Keep the tongue out of way, open air way.
● Allow for free drainage of secretions and vomit.
● Once finished, get tongue out of way. Keep in lateral position.
● Keep patient warm and comfortable, send for medical assistance.
Precautions PE teachers have to take to avoid negligence and ensure learners’ safety
● Learners must wear the correct attire.
● Activities should be properly planned.
● Teachers should know first aid.
● Safe and proper equipment should be provided.
● Activities should be closely supervised.
3 types of stretching
Ballistic
Static
PNF
Ballistic
- should be avoided or treated with extreme caution.
- Involves forcing a joint to adopt a greater joint angle.
- Bouncing is a common type of ballistic stretching.
- Body weight is used to gradually force joint angle to increase.
Static
- athlete adopting position on near maximum stretch and holding position for 20 to 30 seconds.
- Following initial stretch, athlete should relax then move into a position of greater stretch for a further 20 to 30 seconds.
- This procedure should be repeated 3 times.
- All the relevant joints must be stretched.
PNF (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation).
- Voluntarily adopting a position of maximum stretch and then submaximally contracting the stretched muscle.
- By contracting, the stretched muscle and tendon reduce their sensitivity to stretch and subsequently allow the athlete to move into a stretch position greater than the first position.
- This movement should be repeated three times.
