VERTIGO TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Flashcards
CANAL ORIENTATIONS
Anterior (Superior) = ~30 deg to sagittal plane
Posterior = ~45 deg to sagittal plane
Horizontal = ~30 deg superior to transverse plane
STIMULATING CANALS
Horizontal = turn head R and stimulate R side, inhibit L Posterior = when head goes up and back, AC is inhibited Anterior = nod forward, inhibits PC
VESTIBULAR OCULAR REFLEX (VOR)
allows for stable gaze, maintains stable vision during head motion
VESTIBULO-SPINAL REFLEX (VSR)
produces compensatory postural responses based on head motion and position to assist in postural control
SACCADES
fast refixation of eyes of multiple points
SMOOTH PURSUIT
slow tracking eye movements
SPONTANEOUS NYSTAGMUS
named by the fast (ie: “L beating nystagmus”)
DIZZINESS
general term. lightheadedness or dizziness. vestibular vs arterial supply to the brain
VERTIGO
sensation of movement when movement isn’t actually occurring. “spinning”
DYSEQUILIBRIUM
feeling of imbalance, “feel off”
OSCILLOPSIA
instability of eye movement, deficit of VOR
VESTIBULAR NEURITIS
acute unilateral vestibulopathy. commonly viral etiology. progression usually starts acutely at rest, then occurs w/ head motion
LABYRINTHITIS
infection, have hearing loss, don’t respond to standard vestibular movements
CUPOLITHIASIS
otoconia are adhered to the cupula. immediate onset of symptoms
CANALITHIASIS
free floating otoconia. more common. delay in onset. vertigo and nystagmus stop <60 secs
MOST COMMON AFFECTED CANALS
- posterior canal (upbeating nystagmus)
- horizontal canal
- anterior canal
TULLIO’S PHENOMENON
vertigo w/ loud noises. vestibular rehab not effective, sx repair
PERILYMPHATIC FISTULA
abnormal communication between inner ear and middle ear. vertigo w/ altitude changes. (+) Tragal pressure test. does not respond to VR
VERTEBRAL ARTERY TEST
passive cervical extension w/ passive rotation of the neck. testing vertebral artery on the side contralateral to the rotation. looking for nystagmus and c/o dizziness/LH or visual disturbances
SIGNS THAT WARRANT REFERRAL TO VR
signs where they don’t have BPPV and don’t have central signs but can benefit from VR
if someone has a (+) head thrust, it is not normal for BPPV
if treating a patient for BPPV and they still have (+) head thrust, then they could benefit from VR
