Vertebrate skeletons Flashcards
endochondral
cartilage replacement bones
dermal
membrane bones
neurocranium
consisting of endochondral bones
inner skull box
dermatocranium
dermal bone
outer skull box
chondrocranium
cartilage not bone. unossified neurocranium
splanchocranium
derived from neural crest cells :called the pharengeal skeleton
visceral skeleton or visceral arches ( in perch)
mandibular, hyoid and brachial (gill) arches
brachial arch
epibrachial and ceratobrachial
ancestral jaw: mandibular arch (shark)
palatoquadrate and Meckles cartilage
hyoid arch
support back of jaw in fish is hyomandibular
palatoquadrate into bones (brain case)
palatine, pterygoid, epipterygoid and quadrate bone (braincase)
upper jaw bones
premaxilla and maxilla
secondary palate in cat
maxilla, palatine, pterygoid
breathing bones
nasal cavity and nares
meckles cartilage into
articular and quadrate
quadrate became the
incus and malleus
inner ear bones and where they came from
incus and malleus from quadrate and stapes from hyomandibular
occipital and 2 occipital condyles came from
basiooccipital, exoccipital, supraoccipital
pectoral girdle
ventral coracoid, dorsal scapula clavicle and cartilage suprascapula
sternum
coracoid and clavicle join
glenoid fossa
coracoid and clavicle and humorous head come together articulate with forelimb
pelvic girdle
ischium, ilium and pubis
acetabulum
where ischium, ilium and pubis join. receives the end of the femur and articulates with hindlimb
symphyes
pubes and ischia unite
ilia connect the pelvic girdle to the
sacral vertebrae
