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Neuroanatomy > Vertebral column and spinal cord > Flashcards

Vertebral column and spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

What vertebra does the spinal cord consist of?

A

33 total

7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacrum (fused)
4 coccyx (fused)

Can This Little Servant Cook

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2
Q

How does spinal cord end?

A

Medullary cone
Filum terminale

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3
Q

Label

A
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4
Q
A
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

What is vertebra prominent?

A

Uppermost spinous process on 7th cervical vertebra

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7
Q

When does spinal cord end adults/child?

A

Adult- L1/L2
Children L3

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8
Q

What are 4 curvatures on spine?

A

1) Cervical curvature
2) Thoracic curvature
3) Lumbar curvature
5) Pelvic curvature

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9
Q

State 4 movements vertebral column?

A

1) Flexion- 40
2) Extension- 15
3) Lateral flexion- 30
4) Rotation- 40

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10
Q

Where is rotation most?

A

Thoracic
Limited lumbar

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11
Q

Where is flexion and extension limited? Why?

A

Thoracic- presence rib cage

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12
Q

What allows movement between vertebra?

A

Intervertebral discs

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13
Q

What 2 parts of intervertebral disc?

A

Nucleus pulposus
Anulus fibrosus

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14
Q

How many pair spinal nerve present?
How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal?

A

31
Cervical- 8
Thoracic- 12
Lumbar- 5
Sacral- 5
Coccygeal- 1

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15
Q

How do spinal nerves leave vertebral canal?

A

Intervertebral foramen

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16
Q

What is:
Conus medullaris
Filum terminale
Cauda equina

A

Conus medullaris- tapering end of the cord.
Filum terminale- fibrous strand extend from conus medullaris to coccyx
Cauda equina- nerves from lower part of the cord hang down

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17
Q

What is end spinal cord?

A

Conus medullaris

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17
Q

What is end spinal cord?

A

Conus medullaris

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18
Q

What is intercristal plane?

A

L3-L4 interspace
Between highest points iliac crest both sides

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19
Q

Spinocerebellar tracts which is ventral? which dorsal?

A

COVID
Contralateral is ventral
Ipsilateral is dorsal

20
Q

How many pairs thoracic nerves present?

A

12

21
Q

Does the spinal cord extend entire length adult vertebral column?
Where end in adults?

A

No
During development vertebral column grows faster than spinal
Spinal cord end adult- L1/L2

22
Q

What does dorsal root of spinal nerve carry?
What does ventral root of spinal nerve carry?

A

Dorsal- sensory
Ventral- motor

23
Q

What does the ligamentum flavum connect?

A

Adjacent laminae

24
Q

Where do radicular arteries enter vertebral canal?

A

Intervertebral foramina

25
Q

Define dermatome?
Thumb
Nipple line
Umbilicus
Knee
Big toe

A

Area skin supplies by single spinal nerve

a) Thumb: C6
b) Nipple line: T4
c) Umbilicus: T10
d) Knee: L3
e) Big toe: L5

26
Q

What is arterial supply to spinal cord?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

27
Q

Name 2 parts intervertebral discs?

A

Nucleus pulposus
Annulus fibrosus

28
Q

What do spinal nerves pass through?

A

Intervertebral foramina
Lies pedicles of adjoining vertebrae

29
Q

What are common signs BSQ syndrome?

A

Ipsilateral UMN weakness below lvl lesion- sev cortico
Ipsilateral loss proprioception and vibration
Contralateral lost pain and temp- sev spinothalam

30
Q

4 functions of vertebral column?

A

1) Protection- enclose and protect spinal cord
2) Support- carry weight body
3) Axis- form central axis
4) Movement- posture and movement

31
Q

In thoracic vertebrae what do transverse process articulate with?

A

Ribs

32
Q

Function lamina?

A

Connect transverse and spinous process

33
Q

What connects vertebral body to transverse process?

A

Pedicles

34
Q

Label colour

A
35
Q

What are C1 and C2 called?
Why different?

A

C1- atlas
C2- axis
Allow movement head

36
Q

What are 3 features cervical vertebrae?

A

1) Bifid spinous process (C1 none)
2) Open transverse foramen
3) Triangular vertebral foramen

Smallest

37
Q

How identify thoracic?

A

Medium size
Demi facets- articulate ribs
Costal facet- shaft rib
Vertebral foramen- circular

38
Q

How identify lumbar?

A

Largest
No transverse foramina or bifid spinous
Triangular shape vertebral foramina

39
Q
A
40
Q

What is projecting bony element on C2? (Axis)

A

Dens

41
Q
A
42
Q

How are vertebrae connected?

A

Articular facets

43
Q

How vertebral bodies indirectly articulated each other?

A

Intervertebral discs

44
Q

What type joints are vertebral body joints?

A

Cartilaginous joints

45
Q

Name vert

A

Name vert

46
Q

Name 3 ligaments strengthen spinal cord?
State function?

A

Ligamentum flavum- extend between lamina adj vert
Inter and supraspinous- join spinous process adj vert
inter- between process
supra- tips
Intertransverse ligaments

47
Q
A

Neuroanatomy (13 decks)

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