Vertebral column

Question 1

How many vertebrae in back?

Answer 1

33 (+/- one)

Question 2

What are the two kyphoses?

Answer 2

Thoracic and sacral

Question 3

What are the two lordoses?

Answer 3

Cervical and lumbar

Question 4

How do primary kyphoses concave?

Answer 4

Anterioly

Question 5

How do secondary lordoses concave?

Answer 5

Posteriorly

Question 6

Do secondary or primary curves offer the most movement

Answer 6

Secondary

Question 7

Function of curves in the back?

Answer 7

Extra flexibility and shock absorbing resilience

Question 8

What is kyphosis- common causes?

Answer 8

Humpback: increased thoracic curvature

Erosion/ fracture of anterior part of one or more vertebrae

Question 9

What is lordosis- common cause?

Answer 9

Hollow back: anterior rotation of pelvis leads to increased lumbar curvature
Obesity, late pregnancy, weakened trunk muscles

Question 10

What is scoliosis- common causes?

Answer 10

Abnormal lateral curvature

Developmental defects, assymetric muscle strength, poor posture, idiopathic

Question 11

What is flat back syndrome

Answer 11

Pelvis tilts backwards, pulling back flat

Question 12

Causes of flat back syndrome

Answer 12

Hamstrings tight, hip flexors weak

Question 13

How does vertebral body change down the body

Answer 13

Gets larger

Question 14

What forms vertebral/ neural arch?

Answer 14

Left and right pedicles meet 2 laminae

Question 15

What does vertebral arch form?

Answer 15

Vertebral foramen

Question 16

7 processes on each vertebrae

Answer 16

1 spinous process
2 transverse process
4 articular processes

Question 17

Effect of articular processes on movement?

Answer 17

Restrict movement

Question 18

Distinctive feature of cervical vertebrae?

Answer 18

Foramen in transverse processes

Question 19

Disctinctive feature of thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 19

Facets on each side of vertebral body aritculates with head of rib

Question 20

Distinctive feature of lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 20

Large body and study laminae