Vertebral Column Flashcards
2 secondary curves
Develop over, cervical and lumbar
2 primary curves
Born with, thoracic and sacral
Bent away from you
Anteriorly concave
Bent coming towards you
Anteriorly convex
Over-pronounced thoracic curve, hunchback
Kyphosis
Over-pronounced lumbar back, swayback
Lordosis
Lateral curvature to entire column, side to side
Scoliosis
How many bones do infants have?
33
How many bones do adults have?
26
The body
Centrum
Composed of pedicle and lamina
Vertebral arch
Incomplete arch
Spina bifida
Comes straight up the centrum
Pedicle
Connects arch
Lamina
Contains spinal cord
Vertebral foramen or vertebral canal
Passageways for spinal nerves
Intervertebral foramen or intervertebral notch
What you feel when you feel your spine on your back
Spinous process
All have transverse processes
C1-C7
Have a bifid spinous process
C2-C6
Has vertebrae prominent (extra tubercle)
C7
Extra tubercle
Vertebrae prominen
What does C7 have instead of a bifid?
Tubercle (vertebrae prominen)
The atlas
C1
What does C1 form?
Atlanto-occipital joint (yes motion)
What is present in the C1?
Anterior and posterior arch
The axis
C2
What does the C2 form?
Atlanto-axial joint (no motion)
What makes C2 different?
Dens or odontoid process
The extra nubby on C2
Dens or odontoid process
What does T1-T12 contain?
Costal facet and demi-facet
Rib articulation, found on transverse process
Costal facet
For rib articulation, superior and inferior
Demi-facet
Fused spinous process
Median sacral crest
Fused transverse processes
Lateral sacral crest
Shock absorbers between successive centra
Intervertebral disks
Jelly middle, shock absorber
Nucleus pulposus
Outer ring of disk, tough
Annulus fibrosus
Nucleus compressed, anulus pushed partway into canal
Slipped disc
Nucleus bursts through anulus, leaks into canal, screaming pain
Herniated disc
Four treatments for herniated/slipped discs
Physical therapy, needle respiration, surgery to remove protruding portion, surgery to remove entire disc and fuse two together
