vergeten Flashcards
outcomes
- task performance
- team member satisfaction
- team learning
inputs
- team member characteristics
- team level factors
- contextual factors
social loafing
caused by members that don’t believe their effort makes a difference
free-riding
caused by members that believe that nobody notices if they slack off
process gains
total team performance exceeds what individuals would have been able to achieve if they ware acting individually
technical competencies
knowledge, skills and abilities needed to complete a task
interpersonal competencies
personal competencies, skills and abilities that help members work together.
role ambiguity
an individual doesn’t have enough info about what he should be doing
role conflict
an individual sees info regarding his job to be inconsistent or contradictory
forming
members are chosen, goals are established and the task is defined
storming
there’s a conflict as each member learns more about the task and interdependencies are tested
norming
norms are set for working together
performing
general agreement on both the goals and process
adjourning
members have a sense of accomplishment, positive feelings towards the team and new knowledge
brand
name, term, sign, symbol, design or combination that is intended to identify goods/services of a seller and differentiate them from those of competitors
what makes a brand
- product is easy to identify
- product is perceived as the best value for the price
- quality and standards are easy to maintain
- demand is large enough to support large distribution and advertising
- there are economies of scale
advertising
any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, services by an identified sponsor.
promotion
short time incentive to encourage the purchase or sale of a product
public relation
building a good relation with the company’s various public groups by obtaining favourable publicity, developing a good corporate image, and handling or heading off unfavourable rumours, stories and events
direct marketing
direct communication from an organisation with wholesale, retail or consumers
aims of advertising
- brand awareness
- attitude towards the brand
- purchase intention
- brand loyalty
effect concept
advertisement says what the positive/negative effect is for the consumer
association concept
associates the product with a pleasant feeling event
explanation concept
explains why you should use the product or gives new characteristics
criticism of advertisement
- make products more expensive
- creates would-be needs and unwanted consumption patterns
- irritates
- exaggerates and misleads
aims of promotion
- try the product
- buy more of the product than usual
promotional instruments
- lowering the price
- adding extras to the products
- creating rumour around the brand
- joint promotions with other products
direct marketing
dialogue marketing
bad internal communication leads to
- loss of motivation
- misunderstandings
- false rumours
- criticism
internal target groups that are involved in internal communications
permanent employees, temporary employees, placement students, retired employees, non-active employees, permanent external consultants, members of the board of advisors, members of the board of directors, partners and family of employees
leadership
process whereby one individual influences other group members towards the attainment of defined group or organisational goals
free publicity
obtaining media space in the media of others
ways to approach the press
press release interviews photographs photo calls press conferences media pack press trip press feature attention grabbers and stunts surveys advertorial
merit pay
an increase in base pay, normally given once a year
5 types of pay-for-performance plans
- individual based plan
- team-based plan
- plantwide plans
- corporate wide plan
- employee stock ownership plan
team-based plan
reward all team members equally, based on group outcomes
plantwide plans
reward all workers in a plant or business unit based on the performance of the entire plant or unit
scanlon plan
if actual labour costs are lower than expected, the difference is shared between the workers and the firm
corporate wide plan
rewards employees based on the entire corporation’s performance.
profit sharing
a plan that uses a formula to allocate a portion of declared profits to employees.
employee stock ownership plan
a plan that rewards employees with company stock
straight salary
with no incentives
straight compensation
in which all earnings are in the form of incentives
combination plan
mix of the two
gross missconduct
serious violations that can cause skipping several steps
appeals procedure
when employees believe they have been disciplined unfairly
