Verbs & Tenses Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you form the future proche tense?

A

Take the present tense of the verb aller
E.g. Je vais, tu vas, il va, nous allons, vouz allez, ils vont

Then add infinitive if any verb e.g. Jouer, faire, partir etc.

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2
Q

How do you form the future simple tense?

A

Take the stem of a verb, which is:
For ER verbs: e.g. jouER (so full infinitive)
For IR verbs: e.g. FinIR (so full infinitive)
For RE verbs: e.g. vendre, it’s vendR (so remove e from infinitive)

Then add appropriate ending from:
For je: ai
For tu: as
For il: a
For nous: ons
For vous: ez
For elles: ont
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3
Q

Recite the irregular verb dire in the present tense.

A
Je dis
Tu dis
Il / Elle dit
Nous disons
Vous dites
Ils / elles disent
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4
Q

Recite the irregular verb voir in the present tense.

A
Je vois
Tu vois
Il / Elle voit
Nous voyons
Vouz voyez
Ils / elles voient
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5
Q

Recite the irregular verb venir in the present tense.

A
Je viens
Tu viens
Il / Elle vient
Nous vienons
Vous venez
Ils / elles viennent
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6
Q

Recite the irregular verb devoir in the present tense.

A
Je dois
Tu dois
Il / Elle doit
Nous Devons
Vois devez
Ils / elles devent
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7
Q

Recite the irregular verb pouvoir in the present tense.

A
Je peux
Tu peux
Il / Elle peut
Nous pouvons
Vous pouvez
Ils / elles peuvent
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8
Q

Recite the irregular verb vouloir in the present tense.

A
Je Veux
Tu Veux
Il / Elle veut
Nous vouloir
Vous voulez
Ils / elles veulent
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9
Q

Recite the irregular verb prendre in the present tense.

A
Je prends
Tu prends
Il / Elle prend
Nous prenons
Vous prenez
Ils / elles prenent
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10
Q

Recite the irregular verb mettre in the present tense.

A
Je mets
Tu Mets
Il / Elle met
Nous mettons
Vous mettez
Ils / elles mettent
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11
Q

Recite the irregular verb écrire in the present tense.

A
Je écris
Tu écris
Il / Elle écrit
Nous écrivons
Vous écrivez
Ils / elles écrivent
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12
Q

How do you form the passé composé tense?

A
  1. Decide wether verb takes avoid or être by seeing if it is one of the ADVENT + 1 verbs, if it is, it takes être:
Arriver Partir
Descendre Monter
Venir Aller
Entrer Sortir
Naître Mourir
Tomber Rester
Retourner
Rentrer
- If it takes être, as it is an ADVENT + 1 verb, add être part before verb depending on the subject, I.e.
Je = suis
Tu = es
Il/Elle = est
Nous = sommes
Vous = êtes
Ils/elles = sont
- if it takes avoir as it is not an ADVENT + 1 verb, add avoir part before verb depending on the subject, I.e:
Je = ai
Tu = as
Il/Elle = a
Nous = avons
Vous = avez
Ils/elles = ont
  1. Add turn verb into past participle by taking ending (ER / IR / RE) off and adding following endings for regular verbs:
    ER verb = é
    IR verb = I
    RE verb = u
Or adding the following endings for irregular verbs:
Avoir = eu
Venir = venu
Lire = lu
Voir = vu
Pouvoir = pu
Vouloir = voulu
Devoir = dû
Faire = fait
Être = été
Mettre = mis
Prendre = pris
Naître = né
Mourir = mort
Dire = dit
  1. Make it agree:
    (See agreements card).
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13
Q

How do you form the regular, present tense?

A
Remove the endings of the infinitive verbs (er / re / ir) to form the stem
The add following endings for ER verbs:
Je: e
Tu: es
Il: e
Nous: ons
Vous: ez
Ils: ent
Or add following endings for IR verbs:
Je: is
Tu: is
Il: it
Nous: issons
Vous: issez 
Ils: issent
Or add following endings for RE verbs:
Je: s
Tu: s
Il:
Nous: ons
Vous: ez
Ils: ent
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14
Q

How do you form the present subjunctive tense?

A

Used to express fact or certainty.

  1. Take ils / elles STEM (so remove ent but use rest) from present form of that verb
  2. Add endings e, es, e, ions, iez, ient for all verbs apart from avoir and être.
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15
Q

What are the French preceding direct object pronouns, how are they used and where are they placed in sentences?

A

They are the words that replace the direct object.

E.g. “Marie was at the bank today, when I saw MARIE I smiled” = “Marie was at the bank today, when I saw HER I smiled”.

French PDO’s:

Me:          me / m'
You:         te / t'
Him / it:   le/ l'
Her / it:    la / l'
Us:           nous
You:         vous
Them:     les

Placed in front of the verb in sentences.

Remember: in the passé composé, past participle must agree with the direct object in the sentence (in terms of number and gender) (see agreements card).

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16
Q

What are the French agreement endings that must be added to the past participle so that the verb ‘agrees’ with the subject in the sentence in terms of number and gender?

A

Masc singular: add nothing
Fem singular: +e
Masc plural: +s
Fem plural: +es

17
Q

How do you form the imperfect tense?

A

Used when describing a habitual / reoccuring action in the past “I used to go to my tennis lessons”,
Or used when two simultaneous actions occurred at the same time “I was in the shower when the phone rang”

Formed (for regular verbs in this tense) by:

  1. Take the nous line of the verb in the present tense
  2. Take off the ‘ons’, leaving the stem
  3. Add endings: ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient

Only irregular verb in this tense Être!

18
Q

How do you form the conditional tense?

A
  1. Take the future stem form of your verb:
    - If ER or IR, stem = full infinitive verb (with er)
    - if RE, stem = full infinitive verb minus the e (just keep r)
  2. Add the imperfect endings to it: ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient.