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🇵🇹🔥👉 Grammar or Concept Related - European Portuguese > VERBS: Standard Conjugations (formats) > Flashcards

VERBS: Standard Conjugations (formats) Flashcards

verbs ending in AR, ER, IR and also SER ESTAR TER IR

1
Q

-AR regular verbs
imperative affirmative forms

drive! cook! like (it)!

A

gosta,
goste,
gostemos,
gostem

(e.g. drive! cook!)

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2
Q

-AR regular verbs
present subjunctive forms

A

que eu cozinhe,
que tu cozinhes,
que ele cozinhe,
que nós cozinhemos,
que eles cozinhem

Typically used with Que or Se

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3
Q

-ER and -IR regular verbs
imperative affirmative forms

understand! decide!

A

percebe/decide,
perceba/decida,
percebamos/decidamos,
percebam/decidam

(e.g. cook! drive!)

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4
Q

-ER and -IR regular verbs
present subjunctive forms

A

que eu perceba/decida,
que tu percebas/decidas,
que ele perceba/decida,
que nós percebamos/decidamos,
que eles percebam/decidam

Typically used with Que or Se

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5
Q

-AR regular verbs
imperfect past forms

(e.g. I used to like/would like)

A

eu gostava,
tu gostavas,
ele gostava,
nós gostávamos,
eles/vocês gostavam

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6
Q

-AR regular verbs
present tense forms

A

eu gosto,
tu gostas,
ele gosta,
nós gostamos,
eles gostam

(e.g. I like)

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7
Q

-AR regular verbs
** simple past** forms

A

eu gostei,
tu gostaste,
ele/ela/você gostou,
nós gostámos,
eles/elas/vocês gostaram

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8
Q

-AR verbs
past imperfect of subjunctive forms

A

gostasse,
gostasses,
gostasse,
gostássemos,
gostassem

Typically used with Se and Que

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9
Q

Simple future of Subjunctive
for AR, ER, IR verbs

A

The conjugations are the same as in the Simple Personal Infinitive

quando (or se) eu gostar,
quando (or se) tu gostares,
quando (or se) ele gostar,
quando (or se) nós gostarmos,
quando (or se) eles gostarem

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10
Q

Compound gerund
for any verb

A

TENDO + Participle form of verb (ADO or IDO)

(e.g. ‘having decided, …’)

  • tendo bebido (having drunk)
  • tendo conduzido (having driven)
  • etc.
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11
Q

-ER and -IR regular verbs
imperfect past forms

A

eu percebia/decidia,
tu percebias/decidias,
ele percebia/decidia,
nós percebíamos/decidíamos,
eles/vocês percebiam/decidiam

(e.g. I used to understand/would/was/were)

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12
Q

-ER regular verbs
present tense forms

A

eu percibo,
tu percibes,
ele percibe,
nós percibemos,
eles percibem

(e.g. I understand)

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13
Q

-ER regular verbs simple past forms

A

eu percebi,
tu percebeste,
ele percebeu,
nós percebemos,
eles/vocês perceberam

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14
Q

-ER verbs past imperfect of subjunctive forms

A

percebesse,
percebesses,
percebesse,
percebêssemos,
percebessem

Typically used with Se and Que

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15
Q

ESTAR present subjunctive forms

A

que eu esteja,
que tu estejas,
que ele esteja,
que nós estejamos,
que eles estejam

Typically used with Que or Se

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16
Q

ESTAR present tense forms

A

estou,
estás,
está,
estamos,
estão

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17
Q

ESTAR imperative affirmative forms

A

está,
esteja,
estejamos,
estejam

(eg “Estejam atentos!” (Pay attention!)

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18
Q

ESTAR & TER past imperfect of subjunctive forms

A

(es)tivesse,
(es)tivesses,
(es)tivesse,
(es)tivéssemos,
(es)tivessem

Typically used with Se and Que

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19
Q

ESTAR & TER simple future of subjunctive forms

A

(es)tiver,
(es)tiveres,
(es)tiver,
(es)tivermos,
(es)tiverem

Typically used with Quando or Se

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20
Q

ESTAR and TER simple past forms

A

eu (es)tive,
tu (es)tivestes,
ele/ela/você (es)teve,
nós (es)tivemos,
eles (es)tiveram

21
Q

ESTAR irregular imperfect past forms

A

eu (es)tava,
tu (es)tavas,
ele (es)tava,
nós (es)távamos,
eles/vocês estavam

(e.g. used to/would/was/were)

22
Q

for all verbs

compound past more than perfect as “-ING” form

A

TER (imperfect past) + ESTAR (participle) + A + Infinitive

tinha/tinhas/tinha/tínhamos/tinham (and tíinheis)

e.g. eu tinha estado a conduzir

23
Q

How do you form the -ING verb?

A

ESTAR + A + Infinitive

Example: eu estou a estudar.

24
Q

How do you form the simple future -ING verb?

A

IR conjugated + ESTAR + A + Infinitive

Example: eu vou estar a estudar.

25
What is the **affirmative imperative** form of the verb IR?
vai, vá, vamos, vão
26
What is the **present tense** conjugation of the verb IR?
vou, vais, vai, vamos, vão
27
What is the **present subjunctive** form of the verb IR?
que eu vá, que tu vás, que ele vá, que nós vamos, que eles vão Example: Espero que tu vás à festa.
28
What is the **imperfect past** form of the verb IR?
eu ia, tu ias, ele ia, nós íamos, eles iam
29
What is the **present tense** of regular verbs ending in -IR?
eu decido, tu decides, ele decide, nós decidimos, eles decidem
30
What is the **simple past** of regular verbs ending in -IR?
eu decidi, tu decidiste, ela decidiu, nós decidimos, eles decidiram
31
What is the **past imperfect of subjunctive** for verbs ending in -IR?
decidisse, decidisses, decidisse, decidíssimos, decidissem
32
How do you form the **compound past more than perfect** for ***regular*** and ***irregular*** verbs? | Pretérito Mais-Que-Perfeito Composto
TER conjugated + past participle of main verb Example: tinha/tinhas/tinha/tínhamos/tinham with participles Sido/Estado/Tido/Ido. Regular verbs form their past participle predictably (-ado for -AR, -ido for -ER/-IR). * Eu já tinha falado. (I had already spoken.) * Nós já tínhamos comido. (We had already eaten.) Irregular verbs have unpredictable past participles. * Eu já tinha visto isso. (I had already seen that.) * Ele já tinha feito o trabalho. (He had already done the work.)
33
What is the **personal infinitives** conjugation for all verbs?
Personal Inf. + Infinitive verb + same endings for all Personal Infinitive Example for Falar * Antes de falar (Before speaking) → General or "I/he/she/you(formal)" * Antes de falares (Before you speak) → When referring to "tu" * Antes de falarmos (Before we speak) → When referring to "nós" * Antes de falarem (Before they/you all speak) → When referring to "eles/elas/vocês" When to Use It? After prepositions (antes de, depois de, para, por, sem, até, etc.) * Antes de saíres, liga-me. (Before you leave, call me.) When the subject of the action is different from the main verb's subject * É importante ele estudar mais. (It’s important that he studies more.)
34
How do you pronounce words ***without*** diacritics?
Stress the syllable based on the last letter ignoring S, NS, and M. Mensagem → Ends in -m (ignore it) → Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable → men-SA-gem ✅ Other good examples: Animal → Ends in -l → Stress on the last syllable → a-ni-MAL Fantasma → Ends in -a → Stress on the second-to-last syllable → fan-TAS-ma Comum → Ends in -m (ignore it) → Stress on the last syllable → co-MUM
35
What is the **present subjunctive** form of SER?
que eu seja, que tu sejas, que ele seja, que nós sejamos, que eles sejam Example: É importante que eu seja honesto.
36
What is the **affirmative imperative** form of SER?
sê, seja, sejamos, sejam
37
What is the **present tense** conjugation of SER?
sou, és, é, somos, são
38
What is the **past imperfect of subjunctive** for SER & IR?
fosse, fosses, fosse, fôssemos, fossem
39
What is the **simple future of subjunctive** for SER & IR?
for, fores, for, formos, forem Example: Quando tu fores presidente, lembra-te de nós.
40
What is the **simple past** of SER and IR?
eu fui, tu foste, ele foi, nós fomos, eles foram
41
What is the **imperfect past** form of SER?
eu era, tu eras, ele era, nós éramos, eles eram
42
How do you form the **simple future indicative**?
IR + infinitive (of any verb) Example: vou/vais/vai/vamos/vão. "vou cozinhar" - "i will cook"
43
How do you form the ***simple future indicative with conjugations*** (without "ir")?
Add to ending of infinitive: eu gostarei, tu gostarás, ele gostará, nós gostaremos, eles gostarão
44
What is the **affirmative imperative** form of TER?
tem, tenha, tenhamos, tenham
45
What is the **present subjunctive** form of TER?
que eu tenha, que tu tenhas, que ele tenha, que nós tenhamos, que eles tenham Example: Espero que ele tenha sucesso.
46
What is the **present tense** conjugation of TER?
tenho, tens, tem, temos, têm
47
What is the **imperfect past** form of TER?
eu tinha, tu tinhas, ele tinha, nós tínhamos, eles tinham
48
What is the **negative imperative** form **for the TU form** of all standard verbs?
imperative *negative* (e.g. don't cook! don't drive!) only the TU form changes, otherwise just add "**não**" before verb (and note: imperative negative is same as Subjunctive Present) AR gostes ER percebas IR decidas SEJAS/ESTEJAS/TENHAS/VÁS

🇵🇹🔥👉 Grammar or Concept Related - European Portuguese (6 decks)

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