Verbs Flashcards
Go
1(ku)
行く・行かない Iku ・Ikanai 行きます ・行きません Imasu Imasen Itte Ikeru 行ける Ikitai Ikitakunai Ikimasho ita ikanakatta 行った 行かなかった Ikimashita Ikimasen deshita 行きました 行きませんでした
To have/be there..
Inanimate
1*
Animate
2
有る 有らない Aru Nai 有ります 有りませn Arimasu Arimasen Atte Areru
居る 居ない Iru Inai Imasu Imasen Itte Irareru いられる
Drink
1(mu)
飲む Nomu Nomanai Nomimasu Nomimasen Nonde Nomeru 飲める Nomitai Nomitakunai Nomini ikmasu
Eat
2
食べる ・たべない Taberu Tabenai 食べます ・食べません Tabemasu Tabemasen Tabete Taberareru 食べられる Tabemasho Tabetai Tabetakunai Tabeni Ikimasu 食べなきゃ Tabenakya
See
2
見る 見ない Miru Minai Mimasu Mimasen Mite 見られる Can you see (you control it) 見えます Can you see (you don't control it) Mimasho
To come back
1*
帰る Kaeru Kaerimasu Kaeranai Kaette
Give
2
Give to
Gave to
あげる Ageru Agemasu Agenai Agete .. o agemasu .. o agemashita (past)
(AGiveERU)
Come
irr
来る 来ない Kuru Konai Kimasu Kimasen Kite Kita Konakatta Kimashita Kimasen deshita
To do (irr)
する しない Suru Shinai Shimasu Shimasen Shite ... O shimasu Shita shinakatta Shimashita Shimasen deshita Shimasho Dekiru できる Dekimasu できます Shitai Shitakunai Shinakya
To understand
1*
Don’t understand anything
It’s understood
わかる Wakaru Wakarimasu Wakaranai Wakatte
zenzen wakarimasen
wakarimashita
To Read
1(mu)
読む Yomu Yomimasu Yomanai Yonde yomeru 読める
To Meet (see) 1(u)
A meets B
Nice to see you again
会う 会わない Au Aimasu Awanai Atte
A de B ni aimasu
Mata Atte ureshi desu
(See gold Au)
To receive
1(u)
貰う Morau Moraimasu Morawanai Moratte
(Receive a bruise - Morao)
To buy
1(u)
買う Kau Kaimasu Kawanai katte Kaitai Kaitakunai kaeru 帰る かえる (Buy a cow)
To send
1*
送る ・送らない Okuru Okuranai Okurimasu ・Okurimasen Okutte
(Okuru to Okumura)
To put, leave
1(ku)
Can I please leave the .. here
置く Oku Okimasu Okanai Oite
Koko ni…. o oite mo ii desu ka
(Put the stamp before sending
Oku then Okuru)
Open
2
開ける Akeru Akemasu Akenai Akete
(Open - A Que mas?)
Write
1(ku)
書く Kaku Kakimasu 書きます Kakanai Kaite
(Write shit)
Take
(Something／a picture)
1*
取る 撮る Toru Torimasu Toranai Totte Toritai Toritakunai
(Take some totty out)
Use
1(u)
May I use the bathroom
使う Tsukau Tsukaimasu Tsukawanai Tsukatte
O-toire o tsukatte mo ii desu ka
Use tsukau-ring pad for that
Present continuous
(started in the past and still ongoing)
To live To know (someone) To be married To own (have) Every week I go jogging
Te form + imasu
Te form + iru
Sunde imasu Shite imasu Kekonshite imasu Motte imasu WW maishu jogingu o shite imasu
Want to do something
I want to go
I don’t want to go
I did want to go
I did not want to go
masu form + TAI desu
_masu => _tai
Ikitai desu
Ikitakunai desu
Ikitakatta
Ikitakunakatta
Lend
1(su)
Kasu
Kashimasu
Kasanai
Kashite
(Lend some Kash)
Wait
1(tsu)
待つ Matsu Machimasu Matanai Matte
Stop
2
止める Tomeru Tomemasu Tomenai Tomete
(Stop before the tomato)
Say
1(u)
言う Iu Iimasu Iimasen Iwanai Itte
to live
te version
Example: I live in Brussels
Ask where A lives
Sumu
Sumimasu
te: Sunde imasu
Brussels ni sunde imasu
A-san wa doko ni sunde imasu ka
Know (Something or someone)
Positive
Negative
Example: Do you know Sasaki-san?
Shitte imasu (no present form) Shirimasen
Sasaki-san o shitte imasu ka?
Conjugations informal (+ve / -ve) formal (+ve / -ve) past informal (+ve / -ve) past formal(+ve / -ve)
continuous or second ver request negative want / not want can going to
dictionary / _nai (informal)
_masu / mashita (formal)
_masen / _masen deshita
_ta / _nakatta
te (continuous or second ver) _nai (request negative) _tai / takunai (want) _me (can) _ni ikimasu (going to)
Listen
1(ku)
聞く Kiku Kikanai Kikimasu Kikimasen Kiite kikoemasu (I can hear)
Close
A door
A meeting
2
閉める
Shimeru Shimenai
Shimemasu
Shimete
(Shimmy it closed)
閉じる
Tojiru Tojinai
Tojimasu
Tojite
Arrive
1(ku)
着く Tsuku Tsukimasu Tsukanai Tsuite
Sleep
2
寝る 「ねる」 Neru Nemas Nenai Nete
To think
2
考える 「かんが える」
Kangaeru
Kangaemasu
To take (in time) 1*
How long will it take?
Kakaru
Kakarimasu
Kakatte
Donogurai kakarimasu ka
Its Kaka it takes so long
To forget
2
忘る Wasureru 忘れます Wasuremasu Wasuremashita
Borrow / Rent
2
借る
Kariru
Karimasu
Karinai
Karite
(Borrow a Kar)
To begin
2
始める
Hajimeru Hajimenai
Hajimemasu Hajimemasen
To finish
1*
終わる Owaru Owarimasu Owaranai Owatte
To win
1(tsu)
勝つ Katsu 鹿ちぇる Kachimasu Katanai Katte (katsu - we won!)
To turn
1*
曲がる Magaru Magarimasu Magaranai Magatte
(turn magrite to magatte)
To leave
2
出る
Deru Denai
Demasu Demasen
Dete
To be wrong / mistaken
1(u)
(different)
違います 「ちがいます」
Chigaimasu
(Chigau)
Must do..
easy
difficult
Take negative informal, until the n and place なきゃ “nakya”
Shinakya しなきゃ
Ikanakya 行かなきゃ
Tabenakya 食べなきゃ
Kawanakya 買わなきゃ
..nakerebu narimasen :)
To change
1*
kawaru kawanai
kawarimasu kawarimasen
Kawatte kawatta
To find
2
見つける Mitsukeru Mitsukemasu Mitsukete Mitsuketai
Find Mistukeru-hashi-san
To be able
2
できます Dekiru Dekinai Dekimasu Dekimasen Dekimashita Dekimasen deshita Dekite
Construction for can
I can read hiragana
Dictionary + koto ga + dekimasu
HIragana wa yomu koto ga dekimasu
Construction for Try
Try to go
Try to find
Want to try..
..te form + mimasu
Itemimasu
Mitsuketemimasu
.. mitai
To turn on
2
Tsukeru
Tsukemasu
Tsukete
(Turn on the scooter)
To work
1(ku)
Hataraku
Hatarakimasu
Hataraite
(Work as mad as a hatar-aku)
To carry / take
1(tsu)
Motsu
Mochimasu
Motte
(Carry john motsu-n)
To submit
Publish
Output
1(su)
Dasu
Dashimasu
Dashite
(To submit a dashund dog)
Get on, 1*
Get off, 2
Make connection 2
Noru / Norimasu
Ni notte
Oriru / Orimasu
O orite
Norikaeru / Norikaemasu
Ni Norikaete
Enter
1*
Hairu
Hairimasu
Haitte
Haireru
(Enter something hairu)
To need
What does it actually mean?
Is it necessary?
…nakereba narimasen
If I don’t do it, it’s not good
…nakereba narimasen ka?
It’s not necessary to do
It is not necessary to….?
…nakutemo ii desu
…nakutemo ii desu ka?
To talk / speak
1
Hanasu Hanasanai Hanashimasu Hanashite Hanasemasu
(Talk with your hands)
はなす
To become
1
Naru
Narimasu Narimasen
Natte
Natta Naranai
To learn
1(u)
Narau
Narawanai
Naraimasu
Pay
u
Harau
Harawanai
Haraimasu
(Pay Harau)
Continuous Present in the past
Formal
Informal
_Te form + Imashita
_Te form + Ita (_teta)
Make
1 (ru)
Tsukuru Tsukuranai Tsukurimasu Tsukutte Tsukutta Tsukureru / Tsukuremasu (TsuKurabble it together) つくる
To make a mistake
Machigau
To get tired
Tsukareru
Tsukarimasu
Tsukareta
difficult to
difficult to understand
was difficult to understand
masu form + nikui desu
wakarimasu => wakari nikui desu
wakari nikukatta
start to
Start to do
masu form + hajimemasu
Shimasu => shi hajimemasu
going to
going to watch)
masu form + ni ikimasu
Mimasu => mi ni ikimasu
Help
たすける
助ける
Tasukeru
help with a task
Sell
Uru
Urimasu
Utte imasu
To be grateful for
when not expected
Kuremasu
easy to
easy to understand
This lesson was easy to understand
masu form + yasui desu
wakari yasui
kono lesson wa wakari yasukatta
To be grateful for
when expected
Moraimasu
Potential form
Group1
Group2
Group3
partical?
Group 1
shift last vowel to E and add
_Emasu
_Eru
Group2
_ru => _rareru
_mas => _raremas
Group3
suru => dekimasu / dekiru
kuru => koraremasu / korareru
ga!
