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Japanese > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Scentence order

A

Subject object verb
S O V

Verb always refers to Subjects action so must agree

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2
Q

I gave my wife flowers
S V O

My wife gives me flowers
S V O

A

Watashi wa Oksan ni Hana o agemashita

わたしわおkさんいはなあげました

Oksan wa watashi ni hana o agemasu
おkさんわわたしにはなおあげます

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3
Q

Want

Does not want

A

欲しい ga hoshi

が欲しいくない ga hoshikunai

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4
Q

Subject wants a Noun

I want a big house

A

Subject wa Noun ga hoshi desu

Watashi wa ooki uchi ga hoshi desu

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5
Q

Do you want a noun?

A

Noun ga hoshi desu ka?

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6
Q

What type of noun do you want

A

Donna noun ga hoshi desu ka?

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7
Q

Do you want something?

A

Nani ga hoshi desu ka?

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8
Q

Subject wants to Verb something (Object)

Subject does not want to Verb something (Object)

A

Subject wa (object) Verb-tai desu

Subject wa (object) Verb-takunai desu

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9
Q

I want to buy a camera

A

Kamera o kaitai desu

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10
Q 
what
where
who
when
how much
...do you want to do.....
A 
nani o
doko ni
dare to
itsu ni
ikutsu
...shitai desu ka
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11
Q

Can I … please

May I … please

A

Verb TE + mo ii desu ka ?

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12
Q

You’re not allowed to ….. (it’s the rule)

A

Verb TE + wa ikimasen

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13
Q

Please don’t..

A

Verb NAI + de kudasai

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14
Q

VERB…ing

watching films
painting pictures
taking photos

A

Dictionary form + KOTO desu

eiga o miru koto desu
ei o kaku koto desu
shashin o toru koto desu

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15
Q

Before doing (verb) something..

Before having breakfast, I showered

A

verb dictionary + Mae ni …

Asagohan o taberu mae ni shower o abimashita

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16
Q

If…Condition 1 , then Condition 1
Verb

Adj

Noun

A

Condition 1 (Past tense) + RA + Condition 2
Action 1 (Past tense) + RA + Condition 2
[_TA + RA / _nakatta + RA]
Adjective Past tense) + RA + Condition 2
[i => katta / na => deshita]
Noun (Past tense) + RA + Condition 2
[deshita / datta / arimasen deshita / dewa nakatta]

17
Q

If it was cheap, I’d buy it

A

Yasukattara, kau

18
Q

If I was not so busy, I’d go

A

Isogashikunakattara, iku

19
Q

If I did not understand, I’d ask

A

Wakaranakattara, kiku

20
Q

If I don’t practise, I won’t get better

A

Renshu o shinakattara, josu ni naranai

21
Q

I think..

verb
i adj
na adj
noun

A 
Dictionary + to omou / + to omoimasu
(tomo)
Verb: Dictionary + to omoimasu
I: adj  + to omoimasu
Na: adj da  + to omoimasu
Noun: da + to omoimasu
22
Q

To think not

A

_masen + to omou / omoimasu

_nai + to omou / omoimasu
_nakatta + to omou / omoimasu

23
Q

I think the same

A

Watashi mo sou omoimasu

Watashi mo sou omou

24
Q

I don’t think so (I don’t agree)

A

Watashi wa sou omoimasen

Watashi wa sou omowanai

25
Q

How do you think about that

A

Dou omoimasu ka?

Dou omou ka?

26
Q

for..
for me..
for the teacher

A

+ ni totte
watashi ni totte
sensei ni totte

27
Q

said…

I said whatever to someone

A

.. + to iimashita

Watashi wa (someone) ni (whatever) to iimashita

28
Q

What did Lisa say to me?

A

Lisa san watashi ni nan to iimashita ka?

29
Q

What do you think about (topic)

A

Topic + nitsuite dou omiomasu ka?

30
Q

Verb + too much

I ate too much
I read too much

A

mas form + sugita / sugimashita

tabe sugita
yomi sugimashita

31
Q

Verb so much that ….

I walked so much I got tired

A

mas form + sugite ….

Aruki sugite tuskareta

32
Q

To describe something / place / person

The person eating
The thing for cutting
The place for studying

A

plain form + mono / tokero / hito

taberu hito desu
kiru mono desu
benkyuo suru tokero desu

33
Q 
When something
When doing (verb)
  When reading
When it is adjective (i + na)
  When i am free..
When it is a noun
 When I'm in a meeting
 When I was 38years old
A 
Plain form + TOKI
verb (plain) + toki ....
  yomu toki
i / na + toki
  hima na toki....
noun + no toki
  Kaigi no toki...
  38 sei no toki...
34
Q

When you do this…

When you press the button, the door opens

A

Plain + と

button o sawaru to, door o akiru koto ga dekimasu

35
Q

If (there is / someting))

If you are motivated…

A

noun + areba

Yaruki ga areba….

36
Q

If you have time

A

Jikan ga attara

37
Q

Even if

verb
noun
ii
na

A

_TE + Mo

_te mo
de mo
kute mo
de mo

38
Q

Even if it raining..

A

Ame demo…

Japanese (23 decks)

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