Verbs Flashcards
閉まる （しまる）
Godan, intransitive
To be shut, to close, to be closed
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 窓が閉まった = The window is closed
閉める （しめる）
Ichidan, transitive
To close, to shut
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は窓を閉めた = She closed the window
上がる （あがる）
Godan, intransitive
To rise, to come up, to ascend
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 幕が上がった = The curtain rose
上げる （あげる）
Ichidan, transitive
To raise, to elevate
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女が幕を上げた = She raised the curtain
下がる （さがる）
Godan, intransitive
To hang down, to fall, to descend
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 幕が下がった = The curtain fell
下げる （さげる）
Ichidan, transitive
To hang, to lower, to suspend
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は幕を下げた = She lowered the curtain
止まる （とまる）
Godan, intransitive
To stop, to come to a stop, to be stopped
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: ボールが止まった = The ball stopped
止める （とめる）
Ichidan, transitive
To stop, to turn off
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女はボールを止めた = She stopped the ball
入る （はいる）
Godan, intransitive
To enter, to go into
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が). Use に to mark where the object is put.
Ex: 彼女は部屋に入った = She entered the room
入れる （いれる）
Ichidan, transitive
To put in, to let in, to take in, to insert
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を). Use に to mark where the object is put.
Ex: 彼女は箱にボールを入れた = She put the ball into the box
出す （だす）
Godan, intransitive
To take out, to get out, to put out
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女はごみを出した = She took out the trash
出る （でる）
Ichidan, intransitive
To leave, to exit, to go out, to come out
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 彼女は外に出た = She came outside/went outside
始まる （はじまる）
Godan, intransitive
To begin, to start
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 映画が始まった = The movie started
始める （はじめる）
Ichidan, transitive
To start, to begin, to open (a store)
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は映画を始めた = She started the movie
開く （あく）
Godan, intransitive
To open (e.g. doors)
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: ドアが開いた = The door opened
開ける （あける）
Ichidan, transitive
To open (a door etc.), to unlock, to open (for business)
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女はドアを開けた = She opened the door
切る （きる）
Godan, transitive
To cut, to cut through, to perform (surgury)
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女はロープを切った = She cut the rope
行く （いく）
Godan (slightly irregular)
To go
Often used with に
Ex: 去年彼女は日本に行った = She went to Japan last year
来る （くる）
Irregular verb
To come
Often used with に
Ex: 昨日彼女は仕事に来た = She came to work yesterday
起きる （おきる）
Ichidan, intransitive
To get up, to rise, to wake up
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 彼女は6時起きた = She got up at 6
帰る （かえる）
Godan, intransitive
To return, to come home, to go home, to go back
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 猫は帰った = The cat came home
消える （きえる）
Ichidan, intransitive
To go out, to vanish, to disappear
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 彼女は消えた = She disappeared
降りる （おりる）
Ichidan, intransitive
To descend (e.g. a mountain), to get off, to dismount
(A verb that work on its own and can not include a direct object and generally use the particle は or が)
Ex: 彼女は馬に降りた = She got off the horse
見る （みる）
Ichidan, transitive
To see, to look, to watch
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は映画を見た = She watched a movie
読む （よむ）
Godan, transitive
To read
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 昨日彼女は本を読んだ = She read a book yesterday
食べる （たべる）
Ichidan, transitive
To eat
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は朝ご飯を食べた = She ate breakfast
飲む （のむ）
Godan, transitive
To drink, to swallow, to take (medicine)
(A verb that needs a direct object, someone that actively does something, and generally use the particle を)
Ex: 彼女は水を飲んだ = She drank water
