verbs 21 - 30; Chapter III, p. 41. 3 - 4; Flashcards
consider
If you consider a person or thing to be something, you have the opinion that this is what they are.
We don’t consider our customers to be mere consumers; we consider them to be our friends. [VERB noun to-infinitive]
I had always considered myself a strong, competent woman. [V n n/adj]
I consider activities such as jogging and weightlifting as unnatural. [VERB noun + as]
Barbara considers that pet shops which sell customers these birds are very unfair. [VERB that]
define
If you define something, you show, describe, or state clearly what it is and what its limits are, or what it is like.
We were unable to define what exactly was wrong with him. [VERB wh]
He was asked to define his concept of cool. [VERB noun]
designate
When you designate someone or something as a particular thing, you formally give them that description or name.
…a man interviewed in one of our studies whom we shall designate as E. [VERB noun + as]
There are efforts under way to designate the bridge a historic landm.
describe
If a person describes someone or something as a particular thing, he or she believes that they are that thing and says so.
He described it as an extraordinarily tangled and complicated tale. [VERB noun + as]
Eriksson described him as ‘the best player on the pitch’. [VERB noun as noun]
Even his closest allies describe him as forceful, aggressive and determined. [V n as adj]
He described the meeting as marking a new stage in the peace process. [VERB noun + as]
portray
When a writer or artist portrays something, he or she writes a description or produces a painting of it.
…this northern novelist, who accurately portrays provincial domestic life. [VERB noun]
…the landscape as portrayed by painters such as Claude and Poussin. [VERB-ed]
refer to smth. as
If you refer to someone or something as a particular thing, you use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe them.
Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend. [VERB + to]
He simply referred to him as Ronnie. [V to n as n]
Our economy is referred to as a free market. [V to n as n]
appear
If someone or something appears to have a particular quality or characteristic, they give the impression of having that quality or characteristic.
She did her best to appear more self-assured than she felt. [VERB adjective]
He is anxious to appear a gentleman. [VERB noun]
Under stress these people will appear to be superficial, over-eager and manipulative. [VERB to-infinitive]
narrate
If you narrate a story, you tell it from your own point of view.
The three of them narrate the same events from three perspectives. [VERB noun]
The book is narrated by Richard Papen, a Californian boy. [be VERB-ed]
represent
If a sign or symbol represents something, it is accepted as meaning that thing.
A black dot in the middle of the circle is supposed to represent the source of the radiation. [VERB noun]
