Verbs 2 Flashcards
— HONORRIFIC VERBS —
to die (shinu)
onakunari ni naru
to do (suru)
nasaru
to eat (taberu) / to drink (nomu)
meshiagaru
to give (kureru)
kudasaru
to go (iku) / to be (iru) / to come (kuru)
irassharu / oide ni naru
to know (shitte iru)
gozonji da
to see (miru)
goran ni naru
to sleep, rest (yasumu)
oyasumi ni naru
to say (iu)
ossharu
to wear (kiru)
omeshi ni naru
— HUMBLE VERBS —
to be (iru)
oru
to borrow (kariru)
haishaku suru
to do (suru)
itasu
to eat (taberu) / to drink (nomu) / to receive (morau)
itadaku
to give (ageru)
sashiageru
to go (iku) / to come (kuru)
mairu
to hear/ask (kiku) / to inquire (tazuneru)
ukagau
to know (shitte iru)
zonjite iru
to meet (au)
ome ni kakaru
to say (iu)申し上げる
mousu / moushiageru
to see (miru)
haiken suru
to show (miseru)
ome ni kakeru
to think (omou)
zonjiru
to visit (tazuneru)
ukagau / ojama suru
— TRANSITIVE —
to acknowledge
mitomeru
to add
tasu
to affix, paste, stick
haru
to allow, forgive
yurusu
to assist, aid, help
tetsudau
to believe, trust
shinjiru
to bewitch, enchant
bakasu
to bite
kamu
to blow, play wind instrument, get the flu
fuku
to borrow, rent from
kariru
to break a bill, make change
kuzusu
to brush, polish, shine
migaku
to buy
kau
to call
yobu
to call back
kakenaosu
to carry
hakobu
to chew
kajiru
to choose
erabu
to close physically
tojiru
to come
EXCEPTION: kuru
kimasu
konai
kimasen
koi
kite
to come true
kanau
to consider
kangaeru
to cool down
hiyasu
to correct
tadasu
to count
kazoeru
to cross, traverse
EXCEPTION: yokogiru
to deal with, handle, operate
atsukau
to distribute
kubaru
to do
suru
shimasu
shimasen
shinai
shiro
shite
to do (impolite)
yaru
to do (polite)
itasu
to draw
egaku
to drum, knock
tataku
to eat
taberu
to eat (masculine)
kuu
to enjoy
tanoshimu
to examine, research, inestigate
shiraberu
to exceed, cross over
koeru
to exchange
kawasu
to exhaust, run out
tsukusu
to feel
kanjiru
to give up
akirameru
to go
EXCEPTION: iku
ikimasu
ikanai
ikimasen
ike
itte
to go out of your way and ask
toiawaseru
to grip, seize
EXCEPTION: nigiru
to have/keep/raise a pet
kau
to have as a goal, aim for
mezasu
to heat
atatameru
to hire
yatou
to hold an event or open up something
hiraku
to hold, have, own, carry, keep
motsu
to hurry, rush
isogu
to invite
sasou
to invite physically
maneku
to kill
korosu
to lead, accompany
tsureru
to leave alone
houru
to leave in the care of
azukeru
to leave untidy, scatter around
chirakasu
to lend, to rent out
kasu
to look after
azukaru
to make sure, inspect
tashikameru
to measure
hakaru
to memorize, strongly remember
oboeru
to mind, care about
kamau
to misjudge, miss seeing
misokonau
to miss, fail to do
kakasu
to overlook
miorosu
to paint
nuru
to part with
ushinau
to pass, surpass, overtake
oikosu
to pay
harau
to perform, carry out
okonau
to place, do in advance
oku
to plant, sow
maku
to praise
homeru
to preserve, prevent, protect, defend
fusegu
to pull, play piano, play string instrument
hiku
to push, press, seal, sign
osu
to recall
omoidasu
to reevaluate, reassess, look again
minaosu
to refuse, reject, decline
kotowaru
to request, beg, order
tanomu
to row, pedal
kogu
to run around (animal)
kakemawaru
to run around (human)
hashimawaru
to say
iu
to say humbly
mousu
to scold
okoru
to scrape out
kakidasu
to search
sagasu
to send off, escort, see off
okuru
to shave
soru
to show
miseru
to smell
kagu
to smoke, inhale, suck
suu
to speak
hanasu
to speak one’s mind, open one’s heart
uchiakeru
to speak to someone
hanashikakeru
to stay (like at a hotel or friend’s house)
tomaru
to step on
fumu
to strike, type, send electronic message
utsu
to study
manabu
to support
sasaeru
to swear, vow
chikau
to talk
kataru
to take down, let off, withdraw money
orosu
to take (like a belonging or insult), receive (like mail)
uketoru
to take (like a test), catch
ukeru
to take off footwear, undress
nugu
to teach, tell
oshieru
to tease, make fun of
karakau
to tell apart
miwakeru
to tell someone’s fortune
uranau
to think
omou
to throw
nageru
to throw at
nagetsukeru
to transfer/change vehicle(s)
norikaeru
to tread, press down
fumu
to treat
ogoru
to utilize
mochiiru
to visit, inquire
tazuneru
to vomit
haku
to want, demand
motomeru
to wash
arau
to wear lower body clothing or footwear
haku
to welcome, greet, pick up
mukaeru
to wrap
maku
to write
kaku
— INTRANSITIVE —
to be a bride
totsugu
to be angry
okoru
to be answering, replying, meeting expectations
kotaeru
to be approaching, drawing near, getting close
chikaduku
to be ascended, promoted
noboru
to be asleep
nemuru
to be bearing, withstanding, enduring
tamaru
to be blunt, dull, in decline
niburu
to be caught, arrested, holding on
tsukamaru
to be calmed down
ochitsuku
to be completed
sumu
to be crossed, intersected
majiwaru
to be dancing
odoru
to be different
chigau
to be doing one’s best
ganbaru
to be drunk
you
to be dry
kawaku
to be dumped
furareru
to be effective
kiku
to be empty
suku
to be enough, sufficient
tariru
to be facing, heading towards
mukau
to be fallen, tumbled
kokeru
to be fighting
tatakau
to be finished
dekiagaru
to be found
miataru
to be flying
tobu
to be gaining weight
futoru
to be going out
dekakeru
to be growing old
oiru
to be hanging out with
tsukiau
to be happening, occurring
okoru
to be in
EXCEPTION: iru
to be in bed
neru
to be in bloom
saku
to be inflammed
かぶれる
to be laughing, smiling
warau
to be late
okureru
to be left over
amaru
to be living, residing
sumu
to be losing weight
yaseru
to be meeting, suiting, coming together, coming together in an accident
au
to be meeting by chance, coming across, encountering
deau
to be melting
tokeru
to be mixed
majiru
to be needing
EXCEPTION: iru
to be noisy
suwagu
to be obeying
kashikomaru
to be playing
asobu
to be rolling
korogaru
to be running
EXCEPTION: hashiru
to be rusty
sabiru
to be sad
kanashimu
to be sitting
suwaru
to be sitting down
koshikakeru
to be swimming
oyogu
to be tired, possesed
tsukareru
to be touched
sawaru
to be transformed
bakeru
to be tripped
korobu
to be troubled, having difficulty, distressed
komaru
to be truant
saboru
to be understanding
wakaru
to be up to the task
oyobu
to be useful, helpful
yakudatsu
to be walking
aruku
to be winning
katsu
to be working
hataraku
— BOTH —
to arrange (something), put in order
totonoeru
to be arranged, put in order
totonou
to attach (something), turn on, adhere to, make entry, wear accessory
tsukeru
to be attached, turned on, adhered to, arrive, made entry, wearing jewelry, tell a lie
tsuku
to bathe (someone)
abiseru
to bathe
abiru
to beat (something), run/crash/collide into, vent
butsukeru
to be beaten, ran/crashed/collided into, vented
butsukaru
to begin (something)
hajimeru
to begin
hajimaru
to bend (something), turn a corner
mageru
to be bended, turned around a corner
magaru
to birth (someone)
umu
to be born
umareru
to block up (something), stuff
tsumeru
to be blocked up, stuffed
tsumaru
to break physically (something)
waru
to be broken physically
wareru
to bring up (someone)
sodateru
to be brought up
sodatsu
to build (something), erect, make leave
tateru
to be built, stand, depart
tatsu
to change (something), substitute, replace
kaeru
to be changed, substituted, replaced
kawaru
to close (something), tie, fasten
shimeru
to close (by itself), tie, fasten
shimaru
to cloud (something)
kumorasu
to be cloudy
kumoru
to confuse (someone), make lose their way
mayowasu
to be confused, lose your way
mayou
to copy (something), project, reflect, photograph, move house, transfer
utsusu
to be copied, projected, reflected, photographed, moved house, transferred
utsuru
to crush (something), make fail
tsubusu
to be crushed, failed
tsubureru
to cut (something), turn off switch, turn wheel, hang up phone
EXCEPTION: kiru
to be cut, be turned off switch, be turned wheel, be hung up phone
kireru
to decide (something)
kimeru
to be decided
kimaru
to decrease (something)
herasu
to decrease
heru
to defeat (something)
makasu
to be defeated
makeru
to deliver (something)
todokeru
to be delivered
todoku
to destroy (something)
kowasu
to be destroyed
kowareru
to disconnect (something)
hazusu
to be disconnected
hazureru
to disembark (someone), make descend, make get off
orosu
to disembark, descend, get off
oriru
to drop (something), decrease speed
otosu
to fall, be slowed
ochiru
to end (something)
oeru
to end
owaru
to express (something), reveal
arawasu
to be expressed, revealed
arawareru
to extinguish (something), erase, turn off
kesu
to be extinguished, be erased, be turned off
kieru
to ferry across (something), hand over
watasu
to be ferried over, handed over
wataru
to find (something), discover
mitsukeru
to be found, discovered
mitsukaru
to fix (something), cure
naosu
to be fixed, cured
naoru
to fold (something), break
oru
to be folded, broken
oreru
to gather (something), collect
atsumeru
to gather, collect
atsumaru
to grow (something)
hayasu
to grow
haeru
to hang (something), lay, spend, lock, iron, start engine
kakeru
to hang, lay, cost, be locked, be ironed, be started engine
kakaru
to hear (something), ask
kiku
to be heard, asked
kikoeru
to hit (something), guess right
ateru
to be hit, right
ataru
to hurt (something)
itameru
to be hurt
itamu
to knock down (something), set back
taosu
to be knocked down, set back
taoreru
to know (something)
EXCEPTION: shiru
to be known
shireru
to lack (something), chip
kaku
to be lacking, chipped
kakeru
to learn (something)
narau
to learn
nariru
to leave behind (something)
nokosu
to be left behind
nokoru
to let escape (someone), let run away
nigasu
to escape, run away
nigeru
to line up (something)
naraberu
to be in line
narabu
to lose (something)
nakusu
to be lost
nakunaru
to lower (something), clear
sageru
to descend, be cleared
sagaru
to make cry (someone)
nakasu
to cry
naku
to make live (someone)
ikasu
to live
ikiru
to make wait (someone)
mataseru
to be waiting
matsu
to mistake (something)
machigaeru
to be mistaken
machigau
to mix physically (something)
mazeru
to be mixed physically
mazaru
to move (something), operate
ugokasu
to move, be operated
ugoku
to open (something)
akeru
to open (by itself)
aku
to pack (something)
tsumeru
to be packed
tsumaru
to please (someone)
yorokobasu
to be pleased
yorokobu
to pour (something)
nagasu
to flow
nagareru
to profit (something), earn
moukeru
to be profitable, earned
moukaru
to put (something) close
chikadukeru
to get close
chikaduku
to put (something) on as clothing
kiseru
to wear
kiru
to put on a vehicle (something), give a ride to (someone)
noseru
to be put on a vehicle, ride
noru
to put to bed (someone)
nekasu
to go to bed
neru
to put to rest (someone)
yasumeru
to rest
yasumu
to put in (something), install, insert, include, turn on switch, make coffee
ireru
to enter, be installed fit, be included, be turned on switch, be made coffee
EXCEPTION: hairu
to raise (something), deep fry, make stop working properly
ageru
to rise, be deep fried, stop working properly
agaru
to raise (someone), bring up
sodateru
to be raised, brought up
sodatsu
to reform (something), revise, amend
aratameru
to be reformed, revised, amended
aratamaru
to release (something), let go
hanasu
to be released, let go
hanareru
to return (something)
kaesu
to return
EXCEPTION: kaeru
to revert (something)
modosu
to revert
modoru
to rotate (something), send around
mawasu
to revolve, go around
mawaru
to save (someone), rescue, strongly help
tasukeru
to be saved, rescued, strongly helped
tasukaru
to scatter (something)
chirasu
to be scattered
chiru
to scorch (something)
kogasu
to be scorched
kogeru
to see (something)
miru
to be seen
mieru
to sell (something)
uru
to be sold
ureru
to send (something) through
toosu
to pass through, have a nose
tooru
to separate (something), break up
wakeru
to be separated, broken up
wakareru
to sink (something)
shizumeru
to be sunken
shizumu
to sound (something), ring
narasu
to sound, ring
naru
to stab (something), stick
sasu
to be stabbed, stuck
sasaru
to stop activity (something)
yameru
to come to stop activity
yamu
to stop physically (something), lodge
tomeru
to come to stop physically, stay
tomaru
to surprise (someone)
odorokasu
to be surprised
odoroku
to take (something)
toru
to be taken
toreru
to take out (something), let out, send, turn in, increase speed
dasu
to be taken out, leave, appear, be turned in, be sped
deru
to transmit (something), convery
tsutaeru
to be transmitted, conveyed
tsutawaru
to turn (something) towards
mukeru
to turn towards
muku
to use up (something), burn out
kirasu
to be used up, burned out
kireru
to wake up (someone), cause
okosu
to wake up, occur
okiru
