Verbs Flashcards
verb “to know”
(follows rules for verbs ending in -ATI -am)
Znati
Ja znam
ti znaš
on, ona, ono zna
mi znamo
vi/VI znate
oni, one, ona znaju
——
past-m znao,
past-f znala
pres. adv. znajući *
imper-2 znaj
pass. adj. znan
gerund znanje **
verb practice
Ivan knows math.
Ivan zna matematiku.
matematiku = Akk case
verb practice
Ana knows English.
Ana zna engleski
engliski = Akk case
verb practice
Ana knows where the keys are.
Ana zna [gdje su ključevi ].
dative clause; Ključevi in nomitive case.
verb practice
Ana knows how to sing.
Ana zna **pjevati. **
When someone knows how to do something, it’s expressed in infinitive.
Past tense verb
He knew where the book was.
Znao je gdje je knjiga.
verb practice
She knew about that, but they didn’t know.
Ona je znala za to, ali oni nisu znali.
verb practice
I didn’t know.
I knew
Nisam znala.
Znala sam.
Verb “to read”
čitati
ja čitam
ti čitaš
on/ona/ono čita
mi čitamo
vi/VI čitate
oni, one, ona čitaju
past-m čitao,
past-f čitala
Ana is reading.
Ana is reading a book.
Ana čita.
Ana čita knjigu.
Ana has read the book.
i.e., the whole book.
Ana je pročitala knjigu.
Yesterday I read the newspaper.
(Masculine. and feminie forms of the past tense verb)
masc.: jučer sam čitao novine.
fem.: jučer sam čitala novine.
Verb “to watch”
Gledati
ja gledam
ti gledaš
on, ona, ono gleda
mi gledamo
vi/VI gledati
oni, one, ona gledaju
past-m gledao (imperf.) or pogledao (perf.)
past-f gledala (imperf.) or pogledala (perf.)
I watched a movie.
Gledala sam film.
film = akk case
They watched the sun rise.
Gledali su izlazak sunca.
He didn’t watch where he was going.
Nije gledao kamo ide.
verb “to practice, to rehearse”
vježbati
ja vježbam
ti vježbaš
on, ona, ono vježba
mi vježbamo
vi/VI vježbate
oni, one, ona vježbaju
past-m: vježbao
past-f: vježbala
gerund: vježbanje
verb practice
Ana is exercising.
Ana vježba.
Goran practiced English.
Goran je vježbao engleski.
object “engleski”= akk case.
I live near the park and always exercise when I hve time.
Živim blizu parka i uvijek vježbam kad imam vremena.
In my free time, I watch a lot of series or walk in the park.
U slobodno vrijema ja jako puno gledam serije ili šetam po parku.
Sometimes I read or listen to a podcast in the park, and I often train there in the morning.
Ponekad u parku čitam ili slušam podcast, a ujutro tamo često treniram.
This afternoon I plan to go exercise with my friend Marta, and then we’ll go to a cafe.
Danas popodne planiram ići vježbati s prijatelijicom Martom, a poslije idemo u kafić.
My friend and I need to make a plan for a trip.
Prijateljica i ja trebamo napravati plan za putovanje.
We are going to Vetovo by car.
Idemo u Vetovo autom.
She drives because I can’t drive, but I don’t think that’s a problem. She drives perfectly.
She drives because I can’t drive, but I don’t think that’s a problem. She drives perfectly.
I like to travel with Marta because she always sings loudly and listens to music.
Volim s Martom putovati zato što uvijek glasno pjeva i sluša glazbu.
She often listens to podcasts.
Ona često sluša podcast.
Every day they sleep until nine (9) o’clock because they like to sleep a lot.
Svaki dan spavaju do devet (9) sati jer jako vole spavati.
I never watch Netflix because I don’t have a TV.
Ja nikad ne gledam netflix zato što nemam televizor.
I always clean the apartment in the morning because I like it when it’s clean.
Ujutro ja uvijek čistam stan jer volim kada je čisto.
In the evening I cook dinner.
Navečer ja kuham večeru.
I rarely study for exams because I have a good memory.
Ja rijetko učim za ispit jer imam dobru memoriju.
Verb “to listen”
slušati
ja slušam
ti slušaš
on, sluša
mi slušamo
vi/Vi slušate
oni, one, ona slušaju
past-m: slušao
past-f: slušala
gerund: slušanje
Goran is listening to the radio.
Goran sluša radio.
radio = akk. case
Are you listening?
Slušaš li?
They were listening to music
Slušali su glazbu.
I was listening to you.
Slušala sam te.
Verb “to train”
Trenirati
ja treniram
ti treniraš
on, ona, ono trenira
mi treniramo
vi/VI trenirate
oni, one, ona treniraju
past-m trenirao
past-f trenirala
Verb “to swim”
Plivati
ja plivam
ti plivaš
on, ona, ono pliva
mi plivamo
vi/VI plivate
oni, one, ona plivaju
past-m plivao
past-f pivala
We swim fast.
Brzo plivamo.
I was swimming when I heard the bell.
Plivala sam kad sam čula zvono.
Verb “to hear”
Čuti (Čuje)
ja čujem
ti čuješ
on, ona, ono čuje
mi čujemo
vi/Vi čujete
oni, one, ona čuju
past-m čuo
past-f čula
I can hear a bird.
Čujem pticu.
object “pticu”= akk. case
in passive construction, “a bird can be heard,” use “se”: Ptica se čuje.
I heard Goran was on the playground.
Čula sam [da je Goran na igralištu]
“je na igralištu”= locative case.
Verb “to paint”, “to take (a picture)”
slikati
ja slikam
ti slikaš
on, ona, ono slika
mi slikamo
vi/VI slikate
oni, one, ona slikaju
past-m slikao
past-f slikala
Ana took a picture of Goran.
Ana je slikala Gorana.
Gorana = akk. case.
Take a picture of us!
Slikaj nas!
verb “to have”
imati
imam
imaš
ima
imamo
imate
imaju
past-m imao
past-f imala
Ana doesn’t have an umbrella.
Ana nema kišobran.
kišobran = akk. case.
There is no sugar.
Nema šećera.
šećera = gen. case
There are some apples.
Ima jabuka.
There was no sugar.
Nije bilo šećera.
šećera = gen. case
They are not here.
Nema ih.
ih = 3rd pl. gen.
literally: there’s no them
You weren’t here.
Nije te bilo.
te = 2nd pers. gen.
literally: There was no you.
There’s a problem.
Ima jedan problem.
jedan = n case
problem = n case
There are no problems.
Nema problema.
problema = gen case
Verb “to cook”
kuhati
kuham
kuhaš
kuha
kuhamo
kuhate
kuhaju
past-m kuhao
past-f kuhala
gerund: kuhanje
Ana is ‘cooking’ coffee
Ana kuha kavu.
The soup is cooking.
Juha se kuha.
I was cooking chicken and rice for dinner
Za večeru sam kuhala piletinu i rižu.
sam kuhala: impf past f.
sam skuhala: perf. past f.
Verb “to play (music)” or “to play (an instrument)”
Svirati
sviram
sviraš
svira
sviramo
svirate
sviraju
past-m svirao
past-f svirala
Anna is playing (a song).
Ana svira (pjesmu).
Ana is playing the guitar.
Ana svira gitaru.
gitaru = akk.
Some boring music was playing.
Svirala je neka dosadna glazba
neka dosadna glazba: all nominiative case.
I played violin for seven years.
Svirala sam violinu sedam godina.
Thirty years ago I learned to play the violin. Now I don’t play violin anymore.
Prije trideset godina naučila sam svirati violinu. Sada više ne sviram violinu.
Verb “to play” (for games)
igrati
igram
igraš
igra
igramo
igrate
igraju
past-m igrao
past-f **igrala **
Ivan played basketball.
ivan je igrao košarku.
košarku = akk.
Goran was playing.
Igrao je Goran.
Goran is playing.
Goran se igra.
When not playing a specific game, but with toys, a se must be used.
Verb “stroll,” “walk”
šetati (šeće / šeta)
šetam
šetaš
šeta
šetamo
šetate
šetaju
past-m šetao
past-f šetala
Goran was walking.
Goran se šetao.
Ana was walking her dog.
Ana je šetala psa.
verb “to sleep”
spavati
spavam
spavaš
spava
spavamo
spavate
spavaju
past-m spavao
past-f spavala
Ana wants to sleep.
Ana želi spavati.
Goran fell asleep quickly in the bedroom.
Goran je brzo zaspao u spavaćoj sobi.
Weekdays I sleep until around six thirty.
Radnim danima spavam do oko šest i trideset.
verb “to ski”
skijati
ja skijam
ti skijaš
on, ona, ono skija
mi skijamo
vi/VI skijate
oni, one, ona skijaju
skijao je
skijala je
She skied down the mountain slowly.
Polako je skijala niz planinu.
In winter, many Swiss people like to ski.
Zimi mnogi Švicarci vole skijati.
Verb “to sing”
pjevati
pjevam
pjevaš
pjeva
pjevamo
pjevate
pjevaju
past-m pjevao
past-f pjevala
Birds are singing.
Ptice pjevaju.
Goran sang.
Goran je pjevao.
I like to sing, but I don’t sing well.
Volim pjevati, ali ne pjevam dobro.
Ana is singing a song.
Ana pjeva pjesmu.
pjesmu = Akk
verb “to talk with, to converse”
Razgovarati
razgovaram
razgovaraš
razgovara
razgovaramo
razgovarate
razgovaraju
past-m razgovarao
past-f razgovarala
use this verb for more than one person is talking, i.e. conversing.
I talked to Ana.
Razgovarala sam s Anom.
s Anom = instrumental case
I’ll talk to them.
Razgovarat ću s njima.
s njima = instrumental
We talked about Ivan.
Razgovarali smo o Ivanu.
o Ivanu = dative/locative
Verb “Walk”
(starts with H)
hodati
hodam
hodaš
on, ona, ono hoda
hodamo
vi/VI hodate
oni hodaju
past-m hodao
past-f hodala
verb “to learn, study, teach”
učiti, na-
učim
učiš
uči
učimo
učite
uče
past-m **učio **
past-f učila
gerund: učenje
Ivana is teaching math to Goran.
Ivan uči Gorana matematiku.
Gorana = akk (Goran as an indirect object)
matematiku = akk
Ana taught Goran to swim.
Ana je naučila Gorana plivati.
Gorana = akk
Goran is studying math.
Goran uči matematiku.
Matematiku = akk
Goran has learned to swim.
Goran je naučio plivati.
Ivan teaches math to children.
Ivan uči djecu matematiku.
djecu= akk
also possible: Ivan predaje matematiku.
Verb “to think”
misliti
mislim
misliš
misli
mislimo
mislite
misle
past-m mislio
past-f mislila
Conjugation endings for verbs ending in -ITI
e.g. Misliti
-im
-iš
-i
-imo
-ite
-e
Conjugtion endings for verbs ending in -ATI (am)
-am
-aš
-a
-amo
-ate
-aju
e.g.: gledati
verb “to work, do, make”
raditi
radim
radiš
radi
radimo
radite
rade
past-m **radio **
past-f radila
Ivan works in a hospital.
Ivan radi u bolnici.
u bolnici = dat/loc
Ana works until 4 o’clock.
Ana radi do četiri.
What are you doing?
Što radiš?
Ivan has made a salad.
Ivan napravio salatu.
Verb “speak”
rarely used with clauses; used to express info about speech, not quotes.
govoriti
govorim
govoriš
govori
govorimo
govorite
govore
She speaks very quietly.
Ona govori jako tiho.
He spoke about her children.
Govorio je o svojoj djeci.
o svojoj = D/L
djeci = D/L
Verb “to clean”
čistiti
čistim
čistiš
čisti
čistimo
čistite
čiste
past-m čistio / očistio
past-f čistila / očistila
Ivan is cleaning the car.
Ivan čisti auto.
The cat is cleaning herself.
Mačka se čisti.
Verb “to hike”
planinariti
planinarim
planinariš
planinari
planinarimo
Vi planinarite
oni planinare
I hiked last summer.
Planinarila sam prošlo ljeta.
In my free time, I like to hike in the Swiss Alps.
U slobodno vrijeme volim planinariti po švicarskim Alpama.
Verb “to drive”
voziti
vozim
voziš
vozi
vozimo
vozite
voze
past-m vozio
past-f vozila
Ana is driving to Split.
Ana vozi u Split.
He drove yesterday.
Jučer je vozio.
I haven’t driven since January.
Nisam vozila od siječnja.
Verb “to smoke”
pušiti
pušim
pušite
puši
pušimo
Pušite
oni puše
past-m pušio
past-f pušila je
Conjugation forms for verbs ending in -Jeti
hint: same as -ITI
-im
-iš
-i
-imo
-ite
-e
exceptions: razumjeti, smjeti, htjeti
verb “to want, wish, desire”
željeti (želi,…)
želim
želiš
želi
želimo
želite
žele
past-m **želio **
past-f željela
Goran wants icecream.
Goran želi sladoled.
Ana wants Goran to stop screaming.
Ana želi [da Goran prestane vikati].
Ana wants it to be sunny.
Ana želi [da bude sunčano]
I want to travel to Croatia in May.
Želim putovati u Hrvatsku u svibnju.
Verb “to love”
Voljeti
volim
voliš
voli
volimo
volite
vole
past-m volio / zavolio
past-f voljela / zavoljela
Goran loves Ana.
Goran voli Anu.
Anu = akk
I like to drink coffee outside in spring.
U proljeće volim piti kavu vani.
The verb “Voljeti” is used for long-term positive feelings.
verb “to see”
vidjeti (vidi,…)
vidim
vidiš
vidi
vidimo
vidite
vide
The moon could be seen the whole night.
Mjesec se vidio cijelu noć.
cijelu noć = Akk.
They see each other.
Oni se vide.
I saw her yesterday.
Vidila sam je jučer.
Yesterday I saw his cat.
Jučer sam vidila njegovu mačku.
njegovu mačku = akk.
verb “to live”
živjeti (živi,…)
živim
živiš
živi
živimo
živite
žive
past-m živio
past-f živjela
Verb “to understand”
razumjeti
razumijem
razumiješ
razumije
razumijemo
razumijete
razumiju
Conjugation forms for vertbs ending in -OVATI
e.g., putovati, kupovati
-jem
-ješ
-je
-jemo
-jete
-ju
Verb “to travel”
putovati (putuje) ~ ot-, do-
putujem
putuješ
putuje
putujemo
putujete
putuju
We are traveling to Split.
Putujemo u Split.
u Split = akk.
Verb “to buy”
Kupovati
Kupujem
kupuješ
kupuje
kupujemo
kupujete
kupuju
past-m kupovao / kupio
past-f kupovala / kupila
genrund: kupovanje
Ana has bought bread.
Ana je kupila kruh.
Ana has bought Goran a T-shirt.
Ana je kupila Goranu majicu.
Goranu= dative/locative
Verb “dwell”
stanovati
Ja stanujem
vi stanujete
on, ona, ono stanuje
mi stanujemo
vi/Vi stanujete
oni, one, ona stanuju
stanovao je
stanovala je
Verb “to summer,” as in I summer in Spain.
Ljetujem
ljetuješ **
ljetuje**
ljetujemo
Ljetujete **
Ljetuju**
Verb “to winter,” as in I winter in Greece.
Zimovati
zimujem
zimuješ
zimuje
zimujemo
zimujete
zimuju
verb “to breakfast”
doručkovati
doručkujem
doručkuješ
doručkuje
doručkujemo
doručkujete
doručkuje
Verb “to go”
ići (ide,…)
idem
ideš
ide
idemo
idete
idu
past-m išao
past-f išla
We went for pizza.
Išli smo na pizzu.
Verb “to eat”
jesti (jede, jeo)
jedem
jedeš
jede
jedemo
jedete
jedu
past-m jeo / pojeo
past-f jela / pojela
gerund: jedenje
Verb “to drink”
piti (pije)
pijem
piješ
pije
pijemo
pijete
piju
past-m pio / popio
past-f pila / popila
gerund: pijenje
Verb “may, be allowed to”
smjete (smije)
smijem
smiješ
smije
smijemo
smijete
smiju
past-m smio
past-f smjela
You may not jump on the bed.
Ne smiješ skakati po krevetu.
po krevetu = dat/loc
Verb “can, be able to”
Moći (može)
mogu
možeš
može
možemo
možete
možu
past-m mogao
past-f mogla
We can go to a restaurant.
Možemo ići u restoran.
u restoran = akk.
Verb “to want”
htjeti (hoće)
hoću
hoćeš
hoće
hoćemo
hoćete
hoće (not hoću!)
Verb “to recommend”
Preporučiti
preporučam
preporučuješ
preporučuje on
preporučujemo
preporučujete
Preporučuju
preporučio je
Preporučila je
The waiter recommends wine from Dalmatia
Konobar preporučuje vino iz Dalmacije.
The doctor recommends that the patient sleep a lot and drink fluids.
Liječnik preporučuje da pacijent puno spava i pije tekućine.
We recommend coffee u Rhygasse.
Mi preporučujemo kavu u Rhygasse.
What do you recommend seeing at the cinema?
Što preporučuješ pogledati u kinu?
I recommend the film “Hell’s kitchen”
Preporučujem film Paklena kuhinja.
Doctors recommend sport.
Liječnici preporučuju sport.
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
“to read”
Čitati, pročitati
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to buy
kupovati, kupiti
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to give away
poklanjati, pokloniti
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to drink
piti, popiti
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to eat
jesti, pojesti
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to write
pisati, napisati
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to see/to watch
gledati, vidjeti
gledati, pogledati
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to listen
slušati, čuti
imperfect and pefect (nesvršeni/svršeni) verbs:
to pay
plačati, platiti