verbs Flashcards
上げる
あげる
to raise, elevate, lift;
to do up (one’s hair);
to raise one’s voice;
- ichidan
走る
はしる
to run
- godan
飲む
のむ
to drink;
to swallow
- godan
なる
to become
- godan
ある
to exist, to be (living things only);
to have;
- godan
- irregular
言う
いう
to say, to name
- godan
出来る
できる
to be able to do;
to be ready, up to a task;
- ichidan
- rarely 出来る
見る
みる
to see, to look
- ichidan
知る
しる
to know;
to learn;
to sense
- godan
持つ
もつ
to hold, to carry;
to take
- godan
話す
はなす
to speak, to say, to chat
- godan
買う
かう
to buy, to purchase;
to value, to appreciate
- godan
読む
よむ
to read;
to recite, to pronounce;
to predict, to guess, to estimate
- godan
出す
だす
to leave, to exit
- ichidan
取る
とる
to take, pick up, grab;
to pass, to give;
to get, acquire
- godan
使う
つかう
to use;
to employ, to manipulate (a person, animal, tool);
to consume (time, money)
- godan
待つ
まつ
to wait;
to look forward to
- godan
作る
つくる
to make;
to prepare (food)
- godan
行く
いく
to go;
to move towards;
to leave for;
- godan
乗る
のる
to get on, to ride;
to board, to mount;
- godan
終わる
おわる
to finish, to end, to complete
- godan
寝る
ねる
to sleep;
to lay down
- ichidan
泳ぐ
およぐ
to swim;
to struggle through
- godan
立つ
たつ
to stand up
- godan
出す
だす
to take out, to get out;
to reveal;
to turn in (work)
- godan
着る
きる
to wear, to put on;
to bear (responsibility)
- ichidan
呼ぶ
よぶ
to call;
to invoke;
to invite
- godan
掛ける
かける
to hang up (a coat, a picture, a flag, a sail);
to cover (with a blanket);
to put on (glasses, jewelry)
- ichidan
歌う
うたう
to sing
- godan
上る
のぼる
to ascend, to climb;
to rise (of the sun)
- godan
頼む
たのむ
to ask, to request;
to order, to reserve
- godan
借りる
かりる
to borrow;
to rent, to hire
- ichidan
飛ぶ
とぶ
to fly;
to jump, to leap
- godan
売る
うる
to sell;
to brand oneself
- godan
休む
やすむ
to rest, to have a break;
to be absent, to take a day off
- godan
降りる
おりる
to descend, to come down;
to dismount, to get off
- ichidan
止まる
とまる
to stop, to halt
- godan
洗う
あらう
to wash, cleanse, rinse;
to investigate
- godan
切る
きる
to cut
- godan
返す
かえす
to return (an object);
to put back
- godan
勤める
つとめる
to work for, to be employed at, to serve in
- ichidan
張る
はる
to stick, paste, affix;
to form;
to post;
- godan
渡す
わたす
to cross, traverse;
to lay across;
to hand over, give, transfer;
- godan
浴びる
あびる
to shower, bask in, to be covered in;
to suffer (an attack);
to draw (attention)
- ichidan
撮る
とる
to take a photo
- godan
締める
しめる
to tie, fasten, tighten
- ichidan
いる
to be (inanimate objects only)
- rarely 居る
- ichidan
会う
あう
to meet, see, encounter;
to have a bad experience
- godan
分かる
わかる
to understand
- godan
聞く
きく
to hear, to listen
- godan
書く
かく
to write
- godan
入る
はいる
to enter, to come in;
to join;
to be within, to fit in, to be inside
- godan
住む
すむ
to live (somewhere), to reside
- godan
食べる
たべる
to eat
- ichidan
歩く
あるく
to walk
- godan
置く
おく
to put, to place
- godan
働く
はたらく
to work, to labour;
to function, to act
- godan
着く
つく
to arrive, to reach;
to sit (on, at)
- godan
教える
おしえる
to teach, instruct, tell
- ichidan
降る
ふる
to fall, pour (of weather, light, dust);
to form (frost);
to visit (luck)
- godan
死ぬ
しぬ
to die
- godan
帰る
かえる
to return home, to go back;
to leave (a house that is not yours)
- godan
出かける
でかける
to go out, (outing, date);
to leave, depart
- ichidan
かかる
かかる
to take;
to hang;
to arrive, come into view
- rarely 掛かる
- godan
起きる
おきる
to get up, to be awake, to rise;
to occur, to happen (usually of something unfortunate)
- ichidan
座る
すわる
to sit, to squat;
to hold a position
- godan
入れる
いれる
to put / let / take in, install, insert;
accept, employ, grant;
- ichidan
疲れる
つかれる
to tire, to become fatigued;
to wear out (of an object)
- ichidan
開ける
あける
to open, unwrap, unlock;
to open for business
- ichidan
見せる
みせる
to show, display;
to make something look a certain way
- ichidan
違う
ちがう
to differ from, to vary;
to disagree with;
to be wrong, incorrect
- godan
付ける
つける
to join, attach, connect, apply, put;
to furnish a house with;
to wear
- rarely 付ける
覚える
おぼえる
to remember, to know by heart;
to learn, acquire;
to think, feel
- ichidan
困る
こまる
to be troubled, to have difficulty with;
to be bothered, embarrassed, annoyed
- godan
生まれる
うまれる
to be born
- ichidan
始まる
はじまる
to begin, commence;
originate from
- godan
貸す
かす
to lend, loan, rent out
- godan
弾く
ひく
to play (a stringed or keyed instrument)
- godan
遊ぶ
あそぶ
to play (games, sports, with people);
to mess around, do nothing;
to have a good time;
- godan
無くす
なくす
to lose something;
to get rid of, remove
- godan
渡る
わたる
to cross (a bridge);
- godan
消す
けす
to erase, delete;
to turn off / put out (lights, tv, candle etc)
- godan
閉める
しめる
to close, shut
- ichidan
曲がる
まがる
to bend, curve, twist;
to be crooked
- godan
消える
きえる
to disappear, vanish, get lost;
to go out, fade (light, fire; of a sensation, a sound);
- ichidan
晴れる
はれる
to clear up, refresh, be cleared
- ichidan
吹く
ふく
to blow, emit smoke;
to play a wind instrument;
to whistle
- godan
引く
ひく
to pull, tug, lead;
to draw (attention, sympathy);
to draw back, draw in
- godan
習う
ならう
to take lessons in, to study under someone
- godan
脱ぐ
ぬぐ
to take off, to undress
- godan
並ぶ
ならぶ
to line up, to stand in line;
to rival, match, equal
- godan
吸う
すう
to breathe, inhale;
to suck, soak up;
to smoke;
to kiss
- godan
閉まる
しまる
to be shut, be closed;
to be locked
- godan
咲く
さく
to bloom, flower
- godan
並べる
ならべる
to line up, to arrange in a line;
to itemize;
to be as good as, to compare well with
- ichidan
曇る
くもる
to become cloudy, to fog up, to become dim
- godan
磨く
みがく
to polish, shine;
brush, scrub;
(of a skill) refine, improve
- godan
鳴く
なく
(of an animal) to make a sound;
to cry, whine, chirp, sing
- godan
差す
さす
to shine;
to be visible;
to rise, flow in;
(of an emotion) to come over one, to be felt
- godan
答える
こたえる
to answer, reply
- ichidan
要る
いる
to need, want
- rarely 要る
- godan
する
to do;
to be sensed*
*x がする, x being a sensation
- rarely 為る
来る
くる
to come, approach;
開く
あく
to open
- godan
忘れる
わすれる
to forget, to leave carelessly
- ichidan
godan verb
- only the ending vowel changes when it is conjugated - the ending vowel changes throughout all tenses
(聞く、聞かない、聞ける)
*usually ends in ある、うる、おる
ichidan verb
- only the suffix changes when it is conjugated - the ending vowel stays the same throughout all tenses
(食べる、食べない)
*usually ends in える、いる
