particles Flashcards
A より B が X
rather than - a is more x than b
でも
even though,
even,
but,
as if,
…or something
〜でも〜でも
either … or …
〜など
…etc.,
…or something,
the likes of …,
for example
~より
starting from…,
after…
けど
but,
however,
although,
just
と
and,
with,
when
は
indicates sentence topic;
indicates contrast with another option;
adds emphasis
だって
but,
as well,
also,
they say
まで
until,
as far as,
only,
merely
だけ
only,
just,
as much as
なんか
something like,
things like
*dismissive, scornful
くらい
about,
roughly,
as… as…
を
indicates object of an action;
indicates subject of a causative action
A の B
possessive; the following belongs to the subject;
A of B, B’s A
〜の
indicates question;
indicates emotional emphasis
に
at (a time);
for (action, purpose);
direction of an action, indicates a change in state
で
means to an end;
unchanging location of an action
へ
indicates direction, target
か
indicates question (suffix);
lists options, used between alternatives (x か y か)
~ので / なので
that’s why;
preceding is the reason for the following
まだ
yet
