Verbal And Nonverbal Flashcards
is the use of sounds and words to impart one’s thoughts or feelings
Verbal communication
Though the concept encompasses both vocal (spoken words) and nonvocal (e.g., writing, sign language), the focus is on the former.
Verbal communication
5 functions of oral communication
Regulation (Control)
Social Interaction
Motivation
Information
Emotional expression
The spoken language is used to control one’s or other people’s behavior or activities. For example, a teacher who gives students instructions on what to do says, “Raise your hand if you have any questions.”
Regulation (Control)
A person speaks to create relationships, form associations, develop intimacy, and maintain bonds and connections with other people. A colleague encouraging a fellow employee by saying, “Don’t worry. You can do this,” can be a case of starting a friendlier camaraderie.
Social Interaction
This function concerns expressing one’s desires, goals, inclinations, choices, preferences, likes and dislikes, and needs and wants. Stating “I’d like to become a teacher” manifests an aspiration.
Motivation
Verbal communication plays a major role in disseminating information whether by asking for or giving directions, instruction, or ideas
Information
One communicates orally to show one’s feelings and emotions. A person saying “I’m hurt” is voicing out what he or she feels.
Emotional expression
is the conveyance of meaning by means of body language (e.g., gestures, facial expression, eye contact, posture) or paralanguage (e.g., pitch, volume, speaking rate) instead of spoken or written words.
Nonverbal communication
Specific classifications of nonverbals include:
proxemics (space), chronemics (time), oculesics (eye movement), haptics (touch), kinesics (body movements, gestures, facial expressions), objectics (clothing, ornaments, jewelry, other artifacts), vocalics (voice), olfactorics (smell), colorics (colors), pictics (pictures), iconics (signs/symbols).
Actions can replace or substitute speech. For instance, one can shrug shoulders instead of saying “I don’t know” and wave hands instead of saying goodbye. It is foremost then that one employs nonverbal forms of communication with recognizable and nearly universal meanings to avoid confusion. Access/Watch this video on ‘Gestures around the world” (Gestures Around the World) for additional information.
To replace (Replacement)
Gestures duplicate and reinforce one’s message. Nonverbal communication can either occur simultaneously with the verbal or follow and repeat the word said. For example, the act of nodding while saying yes is a restatement, and so does pointing while giving directions. Like replacement function, consistency in the meaning of both verbal and nonverbal is important.
To repeat (Repetition)
This nonverbal enhances and adds nuance to the meaning of a verbal message. By way of illustration, one rubs one’s stomach when feeling hungry or says “I passed the test” with a sarcastic tone. However, gestures that aim to complement cannot be used alone or else they may be misinterpreted.
To complement (Complementation)
is to emphasize certain parts of the verbal intent or the utterance. It is often done by increasing voice volume, prolonging a word, moving forward, and even widening the eyes. If the “very” in the line “I’m VERY angry with you” is emphasized, it is likely louder. (Some authors regard repetition, complementation, and accentuation as part of one function - reinforcement.)
To accent
Nonverbals can be used to control the flow of conversations. For instance, to signal the beginning of an interaction, one must face the person, move closer, or look at him or her directly. Conversely, looking at one’s watch repeatedly is an indication that he/she has to go, and the other person must stop talking.
To regulate (Regulation)
