Ventilation Techniques (ch.1)

Question 1

Ventilation is the ______

Answer 1

Systematic removal of heat, smoke, and fire gases from a structure, replacing it with cooler clean fresh air.

Question 2

Effective ventilation will accomplish four main objectives

Answer 2

1. save lives
2. Assist with firefighter access
3. control the horizontal spread of fire
4. reduce the possibility of flashover and backdraft

Question 3

If the heat, smoke and fire gases are not released, they will accumulate at the highest point of the structure and begin to bank down and spread laterally. This process is generally known as ______

Answer 3

Mushrooming

Question 4

Condition where all of the contents of a room are heated to their ignition temperature.

Answer 4

Flashover

Question 5

Each year in the United States, there is an average of ____ deaths to firefighters in fire service. _____ of those deaths are due to flashover

Answer 5

100 deaths in fire service

85 deaths to flashover

Question 6

With horizontal ventilation there are two methods usually performed

Answer 6

Natural and positive pressure ventilation

Question 7

The key to safe and effective roof ventilation is the knowledge of ____ and ___

Answer 7

Rafter type and direction

Question 8

There are basically only two types of ventilation holes:

Answer 8

1. Heat Hole (Offensive)

2 Strip. Ventilation (defensive)

Question 9

Strip ventilation must be done in conjunction with a ____

Answer 9

Heat hole

Question 10

Center rafter cut is a technique when cutting ___ sheathing (4cuts)

Answer 10

Plywood

Question 11

Decking is the material used to comprise the ____ and exterior covering.

Answer 11

Base

Question 12

Diaphragm nailing; plywood sheathing is installed so that ____ ‘ dimension crosses the rafters and the ____ ‘ dimension

Answer 12

8’ crosses
4’ parallel
For diaphragm nailing

Question 13

Dicing is a technique used to cut _____” or ____in solid, spaced or diagonally sheathed roofs.

Answer 13

1x4 or 1x6 sheathing

Question 14

Metal clips used to hold the butted ends of plywood together

Answer 14

H clips

Question 15

A head cut is a cut made through the roof decking that is made perpendicular to rafters. A head cut is used to _____

Answer 15

Locate rafters

Question 16

The removal of sheathing is enhanced by a _____ motion

Answer 16

J hook

Question 17

Ground ladders should be thrown to _____ of the structure

Answer 17

Uninvolved corners

Question 18

The roof ventilation, a minimum of ______ ladders should be thrown to the involved structure

Answer 18

2

Question 19

Nailing blocks are usually made from ____ “, laid flat between rafters. A nailing block will usually be found every ___ ft

Answer 19

2x4” block

Every 4ft.

Question 20

a small triangular piece of roof covering (composition), which is removed from the roof to expose the roof sheathing.

Answer 20

Plug cut

Question 21

A plug cut is used to determine ______ and ______

Answer 21

Sheathing type and roof comp thickness

*can identify rafter direction due to nailing pattern/direction of sheathing

Question 22

A light cut of the roof covering, usually composition only

Answer 22

Score cut

Question 23

The ___ is used on a panelized roof when you are performing the cutting technique known as louver off a purlin

Answer 23

Skim cut

Question 24

Skylights are usually constructed from ___ or ___

Answer 24

Glass or plastic

Question 25

On apt buildings skylights will be placed over ____ and ____. On commercial buildings, they will be placed over _____

Answer 25

Hallways, stairwells

Manufacturing areas

Question 26

Smoke indicator holes should be placed along the path of access or eagerness every____

Answer 26

Every few yards

Question 27

Strip ventilation is a long, narrow section of roofing material that has been removed well ahead of fire. The strip acts as a ______

Answer 27

Fire break

Question 28

If ventilators are working correctly, leave them alone. A turbine-style ventilator is about ____% more effective when the turbine is spinning

Answer 28

30%

Question 29

Vent pipes are plumbing pipes that extend from inside the structure through the roofline. Vent pipes can be constructed from ____

Answer 29

ABS plastic, cast iron, or steel pipe.

Question 30

A 45 degree cut is a series of ___ cuts.

Used to identify _____ only

Answer 30

2 cuts

Rafter direction

Question 31

A 45 degree inspection cut will tell you x5

Answer 31

1. Rafter type
2. Rafter direction
3. Sheathing type
4. thickness of comp
5. Smoke indicator

Question 32

45 degree inspection cut; when the saw makes contact with rafter, roll over the rafter and continue the cut approximately ____ to ___ in

Answer 32

6 to 10in

Question 33

The length of the dice cut is determined by____

Answer 33

The reach of tool being used to pull sheathing

Question 34

The chain saw operator should cut a minimum of ___ dices before puller begins removing sheathing

Answer 34

3

Question 35

Always have a minimum of _____ unpulled section between cutter and the puller

Answer 35

One

Question 36

Center rafter louver. When over ventilation are, make head cut to locate a minimum of ____ rafters

Answer 36

3

Question 37

Center rafter louver; after head cut , cut a parallel cut approximately ___ to ___ in inside rafter. Make parallel cut approximately ___ ft long

Answer 37

2 to 3 in

3 1/2 ft long

Question 38

Panelized roof dimensions;

Plywood
Beams
Purlin
Joists

Answer 38

Plywood = 4x8 1/2”
Beams = 6x36 / 12 to 40ft spacing
Purlin = 4x12/ 8ft spacing
Joists = 2x4 / 24in spacing

Question 39

Cut ___ to ___ inches inside of purlins to avoid hitting metal hangers

Answer 39

4 to 6in

Question 40

While standing on purlin, start “skim cut”. Reach out as far as you comfortably can, approximately ____ ft

Answer 40

3 1/2 ft