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NURG 7017 > Ventilation Definitions > Flashcards

Ventilation Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

injury resulting from high airway pressure

A

barotrauma

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2
Q

ratio of a change in volume to a change in pressure

A

compliance

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3
Q

airway pressure maintained above ambient

A

CPAP

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4
Q

valve in a ventilator with a bellows that when open allows driving gas to exit the bellows housing

A

exhaust valve

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5
Q

time between the beginning and end of expiratory flow

A

expiratory flow time

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6
Q

time from the end of expiratory flow to the start of inspiratory flow

A

expiratory pause time

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7
Q

time between the start of expiratory flow and the start of inspiratory flow, it is the sum of the expiratory flow and expiratory pause times

A

expiratory phase time

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8
Q

a means to prevent the fresh gas flow from affecting the tidal volume by measuring the actual tidal volume and using this information to change the volume of gas delivered by the ventilator

A

Tidal Volume compensation

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9
Q

a means to prevent the fresh gas flow from affecting the tidal volume by isolating the fresh gas flow so that it doesn’t enter the breathing system during inspiration

A

fresh gas decoupling

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10
Q

period between the beginning and end of inspiratory flow

A

inspiratory flow time

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11
Q

the portion of the inspiratory phase time during which the lungs are held inflated at a fixed pressure or volume

A

inspiratory pause time (inspiratory phase has zero flow) AKA inspiratory plateau

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12
Q

time between the start of inspiratory flow and the beginning of expiratory flow, the sum of the inspiratory flow and inspiratory pause times

A

inspiratory phase time

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13
Q

ratio of the inspiratory phase time to the expiratory phase time

A

inspiratory: expiratory phase time ratio (I:E ratio)

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14
Q

rate at which gas flows to the patient expressed as volume per unit of time

A

inspiratory flow rate

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15
Q

ventilation in which the inspiratory phase time is longer than the expiratory phase time

A

inverse ratio ventilation

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16
Q

sum of all tidal volumes within one minute

A

minute volume

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17
Q

maximum pressure during the inspiratory phase time

A

peak pressure

18
Q

resting pressure during the inspiratory pause, airway pressure usually falls when there is an inspiratory pause

A

plateau pressure

19
Q

airway pressure above ambient at the end of exhalation

A

positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)

20
Q

ratio of the change in driving pressure to the change in flow rate

A

resistance

21
Q

what is resistance commonly measured in

A

centimeters of water per liter per second (cm H2O/L/second)

22
Q

deliberate increase in tidal volume for one or more breaths

A

sigh

23
Q

a component that controls pneumatic flow by means of an electronic signal

A

solenoid

24
Q

the valve in an anesthesia ventilator that allows excess gases in the breathing system to be sent to the scavenging system after the bellows or piston has become fully filled during exhalation

A

spill valve

25
Q

volume of gas entering or leaving the patient during the inspiratory or expiratory phase time

A

tidal volume

26
Q

number of respiratory cycles per minute

A

ventilatory (respiratory) rate or frequency

27
Q

injury due to over distention of the lungs

A

volutrauma

28
Q

energy expended by the patient and or ventilator to move gas in and out of the lungs

A

work of breathing

29
Q

the concentration of inspired gas

A

Fi02

30
Q

number of breaths per minute that a ventilator delivers

A

respiratory rate

31
Q

the average volume of gas entering or leaving the lungs per minute

A

minute ventilation

32
Q

the highest flow or speed set to deliver the tidal volume during inspiration

A

peak flow rate or peak inspiratory flow

33
Q

the speed of delivery for inspiration

A

I:E ratio, inspiratory and expiratory time

34
Q

total pressure needed to deliver the tidal volume

A

Peak airway pressure (PAW)

35
Q

peak airway pressure is dependent upon which factors

A

airway resistance, lung compliance, and chest wall factors

36
Q

the pressure needed to distend the lungs

A

plateau pressure (Pplat)

37
Q

effort or negative pressure required by the patient to trigger a machine breath

A

sensitivity or trigger sensitivity (-1 to -2 cm H2O)

38
Q

the intentional process of increasing transpulmonary pressures aimed at opening alveoli

A

recruitment maneuvers

39
Q

Defines both pressure and volume controlled ventilation

A

intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV)

40
Q

occurs when a patient has already inhaled and has not had sufficient time to completely exhale or exhale greater than or equal to the subsequent mechanical breaths

A

breath stacking

41
Q

a sign or symptom of respiratory distress when the ventilator is not appropriately configured to meet the patients inspiratory and expiratory demands

A

bucking, dyssynchrony, or fighting the ventilator

NURG 7017 (7 decks)

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