Ventilation and compliance 1 Flashcards
Tidal volume
total volume of air breathed in and out of lungs in one breath
Inspiratory residue volume
Maximum volume of air which can be drawn into lungs at the end of normal inspiration
Expiratory residue volume
Maximum volume of air which can leave the lungs at the end of normal expiration
Residual volume
Volume of gas in the lungs after maximal expiration
Vital capacity
TV+ IRV +ERV
The total amount of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration
Total lung capacity
Vital capacity + Residual volume
total amount of air in the lungs after deepest inspiration
Inspiratory capacity
Tidal volume + IRV
Total amount of air which can be drawn into the lungs after normal expiration
Functional residual capacity
ERV + Residual volume
Total amount of air in the lungs at the end of normal expiration
Alveolar capacity vs pulmonary capacity
Pulmonary ventilation= total air movement in and out of lungs
Alveolar ventilation= fresh air which reaches the alveoli and therefore can be used for gaseous exchange
Partial pressure
Percentage of gas in a mixture multiplied by total pressure of mixture
Pressure of atmosphere/02
760mmhg
160mmhg
alveolar ventilation of 02 and CO2
normal ventilation 02= 100mmhg C02= 40mmhg Hypoventilation 02= 30MMHG C02=100MMHG hyperventilation 02=120mmgh Co2=20mmhg
Anatomical dead space
Volume of conducting airways.
Gas inspired is exhaled unchanged.
About 150ml
Law of Laplace?
explains the difference in pressure between larger and smaller alveoli P=2T/r P is pressure T is surface tension r is radius
Law of Laplace in different sized alveoli and how the production of surfactant helps this
In alveoli
P will be greater in alveoli with smaller radii due to the law of Laplace
Surfactant helps decrease surface tension in the alveoli
More surfactant produced in smaller alveoli as the cells are closer together
T decrease in smaller alveoli.
