Venous and Lymphatic Conditions

Question 1

1. An abnormal dilation of veins
2. What vein is the most commonly affected:
3. What structure of the vein is mostly affected?
4. This leads to what?

Answer 1

1. Varicose veins
2. Saphenous Vein
3. Valves
4. Twisting of veins & Risk of thrombosis

Question 2

Incidence of Varicose Veins

Answer 2

1. F>M secondary to pregnancy until 70 y.o.
2. 41% of F age 40-50 y.o
3. 72% of F age 60-70 y.o.
4. Occurs at all ages 30-50 y.o.

Question 3

Etiology and Risk Factors for Varicose Veins

Answer 3

Etiology
1. Maybe inherited in trait
2. Still unclear whether the valvular incompetence is caused by defective valves or vessel wall weakness

Risk Factors
1. High Venous Pressure (Prolonged Standing/Sitting, & Heavy Lifting)
2. Hormonal Changes
3. Obesity
4. Heart Failure
5. Constipation
6. Hemorrhoids

Question 4

Pathogenesis of Varicose Veins

Answer 4

1. Valvular Incompetency or too Elastic will lead to venous pooling
2. Lack of pumping ms. action of the LE
3. Any condition that changes pressure strain of the veins

Question 5

Refers as broken capillaries which resembles a sunburst or a spider web or a tree branches

Answer 5

Telangiectasia

Question 6

Diagnosis for Varicose Veins

Answer 6

1. Visual Inspection
2. Palpation
3. Doppler US and Duplex Scanner
   4, Special Test (Brodie’s Trendelenburg Test, Manual Compression Test, Percussion Test)

Question 7

Treatment for Varicose Veins

Answer 7

1. Ankle Pumps
2. Frequent change positioning
3. Elevation
4. Elastic Stockings

Medical MGT:
1. Surgery
2. Ligation and Stripping
3. Laser Therapy

Question 8

1. It refers to swelling of a superfcial vein because of vein wall inflammation occuring as a result of thrombus deposition in the veins.
2. It occurs commonly in what veins?

Answer 8

1. Superficial Vein Thrombosis
2. Great and small saphenous vein

Question 9

Inflammation of the vein wall

Answer 9

Phlebitis

Question 10

SVT will lead to?

Answer 10

Pulmonary Emobolism

Question 11

Diagnosis for SVT

Answer 11

Well’s Risk Assessment
Contrast Venography
Doppler Ultrasonography
Venous Duplex Ultrasonography

Question 12

1. It refers to inadequate venous return over a long period of time
2. also known as
3. Occur as a result of

Answer 12

1. Chronic Venous Insufficiency
2. Postphlebitic Syndrome or Venous Stasis
3. Leg trauma, Varicose Veins, Neoplastic Obstruction

Question 13

Pathogenesis of Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Answer 13

1. Damage or destroyed valves = decreaed venous return
2. Venous pooling
3. Trauma
   4, Deayed healing and persistent ulcerations

Question 14

Blood flows in the veins ____________

Answer 14

Bidirectionally=high amb venous pressures -> dilation

Question 15

DVT Triad

Answer 15

Virchow’s Triad: Hypercoaguability, Intimal Wall Damage, Venous Stasis

Question 16

1. Accumulation of fluid due to problem with the lymphatic system
2. Factors

Answer 16

1. Lymphedema
2. Decrease transport capacity and increase lymphatic load

Question 17

Two types of Lymphedema

Answer 17

Primary and Secondary Lymphedema

Question 18

3 classifications of primary lymphedema

Answer 18

1. Milroy’s Disease (Connatal)
2. Praecox
3. Tarda

Question 19

Incidence of Lymphedema

Answer 19

F>M

Question 20

3 types of Primary Lymphedema

Answer 20

1. Aplastic/Aplasia
2. Hypoplastic/Hypoplasia
3. Hyperplasia/Hyperplastic

Question 21

Causes of Secondary Lymphedema

Answer 21

1. Filariasis
2. Surgeries
3. Radiaton/Chemotherapy
4. Tumors and Obesity

Question 22

Stages of Lymphedema

Answer 22

1. Stage 0- Latent Lymphedema
2. Stage 1- Reversible
3. Stage 2- Irreversible
4. Stage 3- Lympostatic Elephantiasis

Question 23

Complications of Lymphedema

Answer 23

1. Increase girthweight
2. Decrease tactile sensation
3. Decrease kinesthetic awareness
4. Dry skin
5. Ulcerations
6. Overlapping of Flaps