Introduction to PVS

Question 1

a liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a liquid extracellular matrix

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

a watery liquid extracellular matrix that contains dissolved substances

Answer 2

Blood Plasma

Question 3

Cells and cell fragments are called

Answer 3

Formed Elements

Question 4

Whole blood has two components:

Answer 4

Blood Plasma (55%)
Formed Elements (45%)

Question 5

Total Blood Volume of Adult Women and Men respectively

Answer 5

Women: 70mL/kg
Men: 80 mL/kg

Question 6

The blood volume of an adult man and woman respectively:

Answer 6

Man: 5-6 L (1.5 gal)
Women: 4-5 L (1.2 gal)

Question 7

Why does the blood volume of an adult man and woman is different?

Answer 7

It is due to body size.

Question 8

Functions of Blood

Answer 8

1. Transportation
2. Regulation
3. Protection

Question 9

Give the percentage of the following:
1. Whole Blood
2. Blood Plasma
3. Proteins
4. Water
5. Other Solutes
6. Formed Elements
7. Platelets
8. WBC’s
9. Red Blood Cells

Answer 9

1. 8%
2. 55%
3. 7%
4. 91.5%
5. 1.5%
6. 45%
7. 150,000-400,000
8. 5000-10,000
9. 4.8- 5.4 million

Question 10

Blood Plasma is composed of:

Answer 10

1. Water: 91.5&
2. Proteins: 7%
3. Other Solutes: 1.5%

Question 11

Proteins in a blood plasma are composed of:

Answer 11

Albumin: 54%
Globulin: 38%
Fibrinogen: 7%
All others: 1%

Question 12

Give me examples of other solutes:

Answer 12

Electrolytes
Nutrients
Gases
Waste Products
Regulatory Substances

Question 13

Your WBC’s is composed of:

Answer 13

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 14

The percentage by volume of red cells in your blood

Answer 14

Hematocrit

Question 15

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen

Answer 15

Hemoglobin

Question 16

% of Hct in Females and Males respectively:

Answer 16

Female: 36-46%
Male: 37-49%

Question 17

A solvent and suspending medium that absorbs, transports, and
releases heat.

Answer 17

Water

Question 18

What cells synthesize most of the plasma?

Answer 18

Hepatocytes

Question 19

1. This protein plays an important role in osmosis which maintains osmotic colloid pressure.
2. Based on your answer in no.1, what happens if this protein become relevantly low?
3. What about if this protein will become high?

Answer 19

1. Albumin
2. Albuminemia
3. Dehydration

Question 20

These proteins combat virus, bacteria, and other pathogens.

Answer 20

Globulin

Question 21

This protein is important for clotting.

Answer 21

Fibrinogen

Question 22

1. Chemoreceptors includes?
2. What condition is associated if this chemoreceptors will become abnormal?

Answer 22

1. O2, Co2, Nitrogen
2. Hypoxia, Hypercapnia, Acidosis

Question 23

Hemoglobin values for an adult men and women.

Answer 23

5.4 million- Male
4.8 million- Female

Question 24

How much does your 1 hemoglobin carry oxygen molecule?

Answer 24

4 oxygen molecules (1:4)

Question 25

Process of making RBCs

Answer 25

Erythropoiesis

Question 26

A hormone which regulates RBCs and found in liver & kidney.

Answer 26

Eyrthropoietin

Question 27

Type of WBC where it is the first responder for bacterial infection, burns, stress and inflammation.

Answer 27

Neutrophils

Question 28

WBC which function is to fight parasitic infection.

Answer 28

Eosinophils

Question 29

This WBC is for allergic reaction and prevents clot formation which releases histamine which is an inflammatory mediator.

Answer 29

Basophils

Question 30

Granular WBCs

Answer 30

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Question 31

Agranular WBCs

Answer 31

Lymphocytes Monocytes

Question 32

This WBC fights viral infections and produce antibodies as well as other chemical responsible for destroying microorganisms

Answer 32

Lymphocytes

Question 33

■ develop into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies. ■ Particularly effective in destroying bacteria and inactivating their toxins (immunoglobulins [Ig] – antibodies: GAMED) What Lymphocyte is this?

Answer 33

Lymphocytes B Cells

Question 34

abundant in the blood and crosses the placenta

Answer 34

IgG

Question 35

body fluids (lAwAy, IyAk), saliva, tears, breast mil

Answer 35

IgA

Question 36

GIT - food antigen, main responders of an infection

Answer 36

IgM

Question 37

allergy and parasites (allergy – present in basophils)

Answer 37

IgE

Question 38

(unclear) activate B cells

Answer 38

igD

Question 39

Attacks viruses, fungi, transplanted cells, cancer cells, and some bacteria; Responsible for transfusion reactions, allergies, and the rejection of transplanted organs What Lymphocyte is this?

Answer 39

Lymphocyte T Cells

Question 40

cells being attacked in HIV; alert immunoglobulins and Killer T Cells na mag attack sa pathogen

Answer 40

Helper T cells/ CD4 T Cells

Question 41

destroy foreign bodies; sadistic or walang control of T Cell

Answer 41

Killer T Cells or CD8 Cells

Question 42

suppress Killer T Cells

Answer 42

Suppresor T Cells

Question 43

attack a wide variety of infectious microbes and certain spontaneously arising tumor cells.

Answer 43

Natural Killer Cells

Question 44

○ For viral and fungal infection ○ Largest of the WBC ○ Blood is merely a conduit for monocytes, which migrate from the blood into the tissues, where they enlarge and differentiate into macrophages

Answer 44

Monocytes