Introduction to PVS Flashcards
a liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a liquid extracellular matrix
Blood
a watery liquid extracellular matrix that contains dissolved substances
Blood Plasma
Cells and cell fragments are called
Formed Elements
Whole blood has two components:
Blood Plasma (55%)
Formed Elements (45%)
Total Blood Volume of Adult Women and Men respectively
Women: 70mL/kg
Men: 80 mL/kg
The blood volume of an adult man and woman respectively:
Man: 5-6 L (1.5 gal)
Women: 4-5 L (1.2 gal)
Why does the blood volume of an adult man and woman is different?
It is due to body size.
Functions of Blood
- Transportation
- Regulation
- Protection
Give the percentage of the following:
1. Whole Blood
2. Blood Plasma
3. Proteins
4. Water
5. Other Solutes
6. Formed Elements
7. Platelets
8. WBC’s
9. Red Blood Cells
- 8%
- 55%
- 7%
- 91.5%
- 1.5%
- 45%
- 150,000-400,000
- 5000-10,000
- 4.8- 5.4 million
Blood Plasma is composed of:
- Water: 91.5&
- Proteins: 7%
- Other Solutes: 1.5%
Proteins in a blood plasma are composed of:
Albumin: 54%
Globulin: 38%
Fibrinogen: 7%
All others: 1%
Give me examples of other solutes:
Electrolytes
Nutrients
Gases
Waste Products
Regulatory Substances
Your WBC’s is composed of:
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
The percentage by volume of red cells in your blood
Hematocrit
A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen
Hemoglobin
% of Hct in Females and Males respectively:
Female: 36-46%
Male: 37-49%
A solvent and suspending medium that absorbs, transports, and
releases heat.
Water
What cells synthesize most of the plasma?
Hepatocytes
- This protein plays an important role in osmosis which maintains osmotic colloid pressure.
- Based on your answer in no.1, what happens if this protein become relevantly low?
- What about if this protein will become high?
- Albumin
- Albuminemia
- Dehydration
These proteins combat virus, bacteria, and other pathogens.
Globulin
This protein is important for clotting.
Fibrinogen
- Chemoreceptors includes?
- What condition is associated if this chemoreceptors will become abnormal?
- O2, Co2, Nitrogen
- Hypoxia, Hypercapnia, Acidosis
Hemoglobin values for an adult men and women.
5.4 million- Male
4.8 million- Female
How much does your 1 hemoglobin carry oxygen molecule?
4 oxygen molecules (1:4)
Process of making RBCs
Erythropoiesis
A hormone which regulates RBCs and found in liver & kidney.
Eyrthropoietin
Type of WBC where it is the first responder for bacterial infection, burns, stress and inflammation.
Neutrophils
WBC which function is to fight parasitic infection.
Eosinophils
This WBC is for allergic reaction and prevents clot formation which releases histamine which is an inflammatory mediator.
Basophils
Granular WBCs
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Agranular WBCs
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
This WBC fights viral infections and produce antibodies as well as other chemical responsible for destroying microorganisms
Lymphocytes
■ develop into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies.
■ Particularly effective in destroying bacteria and inactivating their toxins
(immunoglobulins [Ig] – antibodies: GAMED)
What Lymphocyte is this?
Lymphocytes B Cells
abundant in the blood and crosses the placenta
IgG
body fluids (lAwAy, IyAk), saliva, tears, breast mil
IgA
GIT - food antigen, main responders of an infection
IgM
allergy and parasites (allergy – present in basophils)
IgE
(unclear) activate B cells
igD
Attacks viruses, fungi, transplanted cells, cancer cells, and some bacteria; Responsible
for transfusion reactions, allergies, and the rejection of transplanted organs
What Lymphocyte is this?
Lymphocyte T Cells
cells being attacked in HIV; alert immunoglobulins
and Killer T Cells na mag attack sa pathogen
Helper T cells/ CD4 T Cells
destroy foreign bodies; sadistic or
walang control of T Cell
Killer T Cells or CD8 Cells
suppress Killer T Cells
Suppresor T Cells
attack a wide variety of infectious microbes and certain spontaneously arising tumor
cells.
Natural Killer Cells
○ For viral and fungal infection
○ Largest of the WBC
○ Blood is merely a conduit for monocytes, which migrate from the blood into the tissues, where
they enlarge and differentiate into macrophages
Monocytes