Venomous Animals (17) Flashcards
Look at the black widow
Look at brown recluse
vascular damage and tissue necrosis
Look at hymenoptera
What venomous snakes are in elapidae?
micrurus: Coral snake - fixed fanges (proteroglyphic)
What is in crotalidae?
crotalus
sistrurus
agkistrodon: NO rattles
Which species are in crotalus?
rattlesnakes, many species
What is in sistrurus?
rattlesnakes - massassauga and pygmy rattlesnakes
What is in agkistrodon?
NO rattles
copperhead and water moccasins (cottonmouth)
Snake? Genus?
Timber rattlesnake - crotalus (crotalidae)
Snake? Genus?
pygmy rattlesnakes - sistrurus (crotalidae)
Snake? Genus?
water moccasin/cottonmouth agkistrodon, no rattles (crotalidae)
Snake? Genus?
copperhead, agkistrodon, no rattles (crotalidae)
How do snakes envenomate?
What are in the contents of venom?
What is the toxicology of crotalids?
T/F: A venomous snake may bite and not inject venom
TRUE
Which snake has the highest dry venom but lowest lethal dose?
eastern diamondback
How could a dog present?
swelling and bruising around the bite
Animals presenting with a snake bite can also have ____
paired puncture wounds
What is our primary concern in horses with venomous snakes?
airway patency
How do you treat snake bites?
bite sites should be shaved and the wounds cleansed thoroughly with germicidal soap
crotalids: the leading edge of tissue swelling should be marked on the skin with a magic marker at frequent intervals to monitor the spread of tissue injury
all should be monitored closely
What is the minimum monitoring times for crotalid and elapid?
crotalid: 24 hours
elapid: 48 hours
How else can you treat snake bites?
antivenin, etc
What can be used for residual pain from snake bites? What about coagulopathy?
opioid analgesics
heparin sodium
Which snake bites can result with longterm sequelae due to tissue necrosis?
crotalid bites - there is a crotalus atria toxoid
