Vectors And Scales

Question 1

RPA6- stretching a spring

Answer 1

• place heavy weight on clamp stand to stop it from falling over
• attach meter rule and spring
• top of string must be at 0 point on meter rule
• meter rule must be vertical or the readings will be inaccurate
• bottom of spring has wooden splint attached as pointer
• read position of pointer with meter rule
  = is the un streched length of spring
• hand 1N weight on spring
• read new position of pointer
• continue adding 1N weight
• subtract length of un stretched spring from each reading

Question 2

Define moment

Answer 2

• turning effect of a force

Question 3

How to accelerate without changing speed

Answer 3

Change direction and velocity

Question 4

What’s the bottom of the wave

Answer 4

Trough

Question 5

Describe time period

Answer 5

Time it takes for one complete oscillation

Question 6

Wave speed equation

Answer 6

Wave speed = frequency X wavelength

Question 7

Measurement for wavelength

Answer 7

Metres

Question 8

Describe transverse wave

Answer 8

Oscillations are perpendicular to direction of energy transfer

Eg ripples, radio

Question 9

Describe longitudinal

Answer 9

Oscillations are parallel to direction of energy transfer
Eg sound

Question 10

What do wave movements depend on

Answer 10

Wavelength
Properties of the two materials

Question 11

Describe diffuse reflection

Answer 11

Boundary is bumpy
= normals will all be different
= light will be reflected in different directions

Question 12

Describe refraction of light waves

Answer 12

Waves change direction as they pass from 1 medium to another

Question 13

What happens when light hits dense material at an angle

Answer 13

• light hits at an angle
  = direction will change
• light will bend towards the normal

Question 14

Describe electromagnetic waves

Answer 14

Transverse
Travel at same speed in a vacuum
When I’m different mediums they travel at different speeds
= lead to refraction

Question 15

Describe radio waves

Answer 15

Longest wavelength
Lowest frequency
Generate them using alternating electric current

Question 16

Purpose of oscilloscope

Answer 16

See the frequency of the alternating current
= determines the frequency of wave produced

Question 17

Describe a receiver

Answer 17

Absorbs energy
= generates alternating current displayed on another oscilloscope
= transfer information

Question 18

Use of radio waves

Answer 18

Communication

Question 19

Describe types of radio waves

Answer 19

Long waves
= transfer huge distances
= bend around curves surface of earth
Short waves
= travel long distances
= reflected on ionosphere
Short waves
= travel data short distances
Very short waves
= travel directly from transmitter to receiver
= on tv radio etc

Question 20

Describe infrared radiation

Answer 20

Emitted from all objects that have thermal energy
See in dark
Spot living organisms

Question 21

Describe electric heaters

Answer 21

Use retrieval energy to heat the metal
= emits infrared radiation to surroundings

Question 22

Describe x rays and gamma rays

Answer 22

Shortest wavelength
Highest frequency

Question 23

Use of x rays

Answer 23

View internal structure of objects
Quick and cheap test
Staff wear led aprons and leave room when rays fired

Question 24

Use of gamma rays

Answer 24

Medical imaging
Kill cancer
Sterilise things

Question 25

How do gamma rays sterilise things

Answer 25

Kill microorganisms without causing any other damage

Question 26

Compare x rays and gamma in medicine

Answer 26

Both ionising
= can damage cells
= lead to cancer
Both diagnose and treat diseases