Solar System

Question 1

Stage 1 of star formation

Answer 1

• stars form from clouds of dust and gas
  = called a nebula
  = mainly hydrogen

Question 2

Stage 2

Answer 2

Prostar- as nebula compresses under gravity
= temp increases
= prostar gets millions of degrees hot
= dust and gas form
= form planets etc

Question 3

Stage 3

Answer 3

Main sequence stars
- when temp in stars core reach 15 million
= nuclear fusion reaction start in core
= star stops collapsing due to force from fusion
= fusion reactions lead to equilibrium between gravity collapse of star

Question 4

Stage 4

Answer 4

Red giants
- if star not big
= becomes red giant star
= mostly converted to helium
= core starts to collapse due to gravity
= heats up to 100 million C
= helium fuses at high rate

Question 5

Stage 5

Answer 5

White dwarf
- outer elements expand and drift away from star
= leaving small dense white dwarf star

Question 6

Stage 6

Answer 6

Black dwarf stars
- white dwarf cools down by radiating all its energy into space

Question 7

2 forces of stage 2

Answer 7

• gravitational potential
• nuclear fusion

Question 8

Describe red shift

Answer 8

• If object moving away from you
  = wave is stretched out
  = low frequency
  = light appears redder
  = sound becomes more low pitched

Question 9

Describe blue shift

Answer 9

if object moving towards you
= wave is squished
= high frequency
= light appears bluer
= sound becomes high pitched

Question 10

Evidence of big bang theory

Answer 10

• red shift
  = shows galaxies are moving away from us

Question 11

Describe big bang theory

Answer 11

• universe started at a single point
• energy caused it to expand and explode

Question 12

What’s CMBR

Answer 12

Cosmic microwave background radiation
= radiation left over after big bang

Question 13

Outcome of big bang

Answer 13

• produced high energy radiation (gamma)
• as universe expanded and cooled
  = radiation wavelength increased