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Pharmacology Midterms > Vaughan-Williams Classification > Flashcards

Vaughan-Williams Classification Flashcards

1
Q

What action potential does SODIUM channel blockers target

A

Cardiac

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2
Q

What class target the INACTIVATED sodium channel

A

1B

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3
Q

Class - Affinity - Rate
1A
1B
1C

A

Open - Slow
Inactivated - Rapid
Open - Very slow

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4
Q

What class of sodium channel blockers is RISKY? Because?

A

1A
Antiarrhythmic but pro-arrhythmic

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5
Q

Drugs under 1A sodium channel blockers

A

(DQP)
Disopyramide
Quinidine
Procainamide

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6
Q

EFFECTS of class 1A sodium channel blockers

A

SLOWS phase 0 depolarization
PROLONGS action potential (increase refractory period) and QT interval (QRS duration) = TDP
SLOWS conduction velocity

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7
Q

Quinidine
Isomer of __________
Adverse effect __________

A

Quinine (alkaloid)
Cinchonism
Anti-malaria

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8
Q

Triad of cinchonism

A

Headache
Dizziness
Tinnitus

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9
Q

Procainamide
Derivative of __________
Adverse effect __________

A

Procaine (Local anesthetic)
Reversible SLE same with hydralazine

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10
Q

A fatal arrhythmic condition

A

Torsades de pointes

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11
Q

Drugs under 1B sodium channel blockers

A

Tomato, Mayo, Lettuce, Photato

Tocainide
Mexiletine
Lidocaine
Phenytoin

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12
Q

Effects of 1B sodium channel blockers

A

Shortens action potential
No effect on conduction velocity
More pronounced in ischemic tissues

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13
Q

Very SLOW dissociation means

A

More pronounced effect

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14
Q

Drugs under 1C sodium channel blockers

A

More, Enlarged, Fries, Please

Morisizine
Encainide
Flecainide
Propafenone

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15
Q

Mexiletine is an analogue of __________ that is not susceptible to __________

A

Lidocaine
FPE

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16
Q

Mexiletine is indicated for

A

Long term treatment of life threatening ventricular arrhythmia

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17
Q

Propafenone is indicated for

A

Supraventricular Tachycardia
Ventricular arrhythmia

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18
Q

Effects of 1C sodium channel blockers

A

SLOWS phase 0 depolarization and conduction velocity
No to minimal effect on action potential duration

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19
Q

What class targets the CARDIAC action potential

A

Class 1 sodium channel blockers
Class 3 potassium channel blockers

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20
Q

What class targets the NODAL action potential

A

Class 2 beta blockers
Class 4 calcium channel blockers

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21
Q

Drugs under class 2 beta blockers

A

Pro si EsMe

Esmolol
Metoprolol
Propanolol

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22
Q

Effects of class 2 beta blockers

A

Delays slope of phase 4 (SA)
Prolong repolarization (AV)
- Chrono and dromo

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23
Q

What is Chronotropy

A

Heart rate

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24
Q

What is dromotropy

A

Conduction velocity
How fast the IMPULSE

25
Q

Indication of beta blockers

A

Atrial fibrillation

26
Q

Drugs under Class 3 potassium channel blockers

A

Dronaderone
Sotalol
Dofetilide
Ibutilide
Amiodarone

27
Q

Effects of class 3 potassium channel blockers

A

PROLONGS ventricular action potential

28
Q

What class 3 potassium channel blockers is NON-IODINATED and had no effect on thyroid

A

Dronaderone

29
Q

What drug is both a POTASSIUM channel blockers and a BETA blocker

A

Sotalol

30
Q

What drug is indicated for VT and atrial arrhythmia

A

Dofetilide

31
Q

Amiodarone contains how many percent of iodine

A

32%

32
Q

Amiodarone
__________ is required
Half life is __________

A

Loading doses
Extremely long

33
Q

What drug is had a BROAD spectrum of activity

A

Amiodarone

34
Q

What does amiodarone block

A

Sodium, potassium and calcium channels
Beta-adrenoreceptors

35
Q

Effects of amiodarone

A

Decrease SA node automaticity and AV conduction velocity
Increase PR and QT interval

36
Q

Indications for amiodarone

A

VT
SVT
AF
Flutter

37
Q

DRUG PECULIARITIES of amiodarone

A

High efficacy, low incidence of TDP
No reverse use dependence

38
Q

Amiodarone is an enzyme ___________ of the metabolism of

A

Inhibitor
Digoxin, Flecainide, Phenytoin, Procainamide and Warfarin= increase effect

39
Q

Major metabolite of amiodarone

A

Desethylamiodarone

40
Q

Amiodarone and it’s metabolite is highly

A

Lipophilic

41
Q

An autoregulatory phenomenon whereby large amount of Iodine acutely inhibits thyroid hormone

A

Wolff-chaikoff effect (Thyroid abnormalities)

42
Q

Drugs under class 4 calcium channel blockers

A

Verapamil
Diltiazem

43
Q

Effects of class 4 calcium channel blockers

A

Prolong repolarization
Decrease AV conduction velocity
- ino
Little effect on SA node and heart rate

44
Q

Indications of class 4 calcium channel blockers

A

Atrial fibrillation
Acute supraventricular Tachycardia

45
Q

Miscellaneous agents include

A

Adenosine
Magnesium
Potassium
Cardioglycosides
Ivabradine

46
Q

Adenosine is an agonist to

A

Adenosine 1 receptors

47
Q

What does adenosine activated and suppress

A

Activation of Ach-sensitive POTASSIUM channels
Suppress CALCIUM dependent action potential

48
Q

Adenosine
Half life __________
DOC for __________

A

Prompt conversion of paroxysmal SVT to sinus rhythm

49
Q

It’s deficiency can lead to arrhythmic condition

A

Magnesium

50
Q

Influences the channels

A

Magnesium sulfate

51
Q

Both used for digitalis-induced arrhythmia

A

Magnesium
Potassium

52
Q

Indicated for TDP

A

Magnesium

53
Q

Has significant parasympathomimetic effects

A

Cardioglycosides

54
Q

Cardioglycosides decrease

A

SA pacemaker activity
AV conductance
HR

55
Q

Potassium is for

A

Atrial fibrillation+HR

56
Q

-chrono and dromo
+ Ino
Means

For POTASSIUM

A

SLOWS heartbeat but STRENGTHENS contraction

57
Q

A NOVEL heart rate lowering drug

A

Ivabradine

58
Q

What does ivabradine block

A

If current (Funny current) in SA node

59
Q

What has a beautiful trial in angina pectoris and a shift study of heart failure

A

Ivabradine

Pharmacology Midterms (4 decks)

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