Vasodilators 2 Flashcards
What is the name ending of ACE Inhibitor drugs?
-pril. E.g. Captopril, enalapril.
How does ACE inhibitors work?
They bind to ACE binding site on angiotensin l, preventing conversion to angiotensin ll.
What does angiotensin ll do?
It is a vasoconstrictor that also enhances sympathetic activity and causes further vasoconstriction. Stimulates aldosterone release from adrenal glands, increasing sodium ions and water retention.
What are the effects of ACE inhibitors?
They reduce peripheral resistance; reduce sodium ions retention while increasing potassium ion retention; reduce intraglomerular pressure in diabetic nephropathy.
What are pro drugs?
Drugs which are converted to a more potent substance when within the body.
What can ACE inhibitors be used to treat?
Hypertension, heart failure, post MI, diabetic nephropathy, progressive renal insufficiency.
How do ACE inhibitors help in heart failure?
They reduce afterload/preload, cause enhanced diuresis, reduce breathlessness and improve exercise tolerance.
What are the adverse effects of ACE inhibitors?
Can cause a dry cough due to high bradykinins, first dose hypotension, renal failure, hyperkalaemia, taste disturbance.
What is the name ending for angiotensin receptor blockers?
-artan. E.g. Losartan, valsartan.
What are the clinical uses of angiotensin receptor blockers?
Hypertension, heart failure, post-MI, progressive renal insufficiency.
What is the name of the only direct renin Inhibitor?
Aliskiren.
How do direct renin inhibitors work?
Prevent formation of angiotensin 1, by blocking renin.
