Vasculogenesis Flashcards
Before vasculogenesis can begin, what must take place within the intraembryonic mesoderm?
Initially isolated spaces form in the lateral mesoderm. They join and extend cranially just anterior to the prochordal plate. It is now a single, horseshoe shaped cavity called the intraembryonic celom.
With the formation of the intraembryonic celom, the mesoderm has been separated into two layers, called ____ and ____ .
The parietal, or somatopleuric mesoderm and the visceral, or splanchnopleuric mesoderm.
In the mesenchyme (which is like _______ in the embryo) of the splanchnopleuric mesoderm are masses of ______ .
Connective tissue
Angiogenic cells
The angiogenic cell clusters, also called _______, rapidly increase in size and number. From the growth of these vessels, the _______ will form from the ____________ .
Blood islands
Right and left endocardial tubes
The blood islands within the splanchnopleuric mesoderm.
Bilaterally, clusters of amniogenic cells have formed and will produce ________. These vessels connect to the _______ .
2 dorsal Aortas.
Arterial ends of the endocardial tubes
The _____ ends of the lateral endocardial tubes will join the _____ from the yolk sac, and later with the ______ .
Caudal ends. Vitelline veins. Umbilical veins.
With the formation of the 2 dorsal Aortas, these vessels connect with the ______of the ______ forming an ______.
Dorsal-caudal ends of the R/L endocardial tubes forming an arterial end.
The ______ of the lateral enocardial tubes will eventually fuse with the _______ forming the ______.
The caudal ends
Vitelline veins
Venous ends.
The forebrain and neural plate are growing rapidly. As a result, what changes occur with the endocardial tubes?
This rapid growth changes the position of the cardiac area, aligning the R/L endocardial tubes closer together.
With the R/L endocardial tubes aligned closer together, what change occurs next?
The communications between the R/L heart tubes fuse, resulting in a single heart tube.
With the formation of the single heart tube, what occurs next with the dorsal Aortas?
The dorsal Aortas are now positioned more cranially, with each Aorta producing an arch, R/L Aortic arches.
With the growth of the single heart tube, the ________ is also growing.
Pericardial cavity
When does the heart begin to beat?
When does circulation begin?
The heart beats at 22 days.
The circulation begins around 27-29 days.
With the formation of the single heart tube, the _____ ____ tissue surrounding the endocardial heart tube has split into what 3 layers?
The splanchnopleuric mesenchymal tissue
1) the cardiac jelly, the inner layer around the endothelium 2) the second layer, which is made up of densely nucleated cells 3) the outer layer which consists of flat mesothelial cells which line the pericardial cavity.
The second and third layers lining the pericardial cavity consist of _______ and these layers are collectively called the _______, also known as _______ .
At this point, the embryo is ___ days old.
Mesothelial cells; Myoepicardium or myoepicardial mantle;
23 days old
