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BIOL 527 Lab > Vascular System/Blood Supply to CNS > Flashcards

Vascular System/Blood Supply to CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Blood vessels brings blood to the heart

A

Vein

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2
Q

Blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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3
Q

Blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

where the nutrients get exchanged

A

Capillary beds

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5
Q
A

Venules

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6
Q
A

Arterioles

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7
Q

What are the 3 blood vessels that the upper limb and head get its blood supply from?

A
  1. Left subclavian artery (left limb)
  2. Left common carotid (head and neck to supply brain/spinal cord)
  3. Brachiocephalic trunk (arm and head)
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8
Q

What do the left subclavian artery supply?

A

Left limb

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9
Q

What do the left common carotid artery supply?

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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10
Q

What do the brachiocephalic artery (trunk) supply?

A

Arm and Head

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11
Q

What is the organization of the Upper Limb?

A
  1. Shoulder
  2. Arm
  3. Forearm
  4. Hand
  5. Fingers
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12
Q

term that mean it will split into two

A

Common

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13
Q

An conjunction of two or more vessels supplying the same body region (e.g brain or heart)

A

Anastomosis

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13
Q

What is the name of the artery that pass through the temporal lobe?

A

Middle cerebral artery

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13
Q

An alternate route of blood to a body part through an anastomosis

A

Collateral Circulation

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13
Q

Arteries that do not anastomose

A

End arteries

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13
Q

In anatomical position the ulnar artery is on what side of the body?

A

Medial

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13
Q

In anatomical position the radial artery is on what side of the body?

A

Lateral

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14
Q

The temporal lobe is responsible for

A
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15
Q

What is the name of the artery that pass through the frontal lobe?

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery

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16
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A
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17
Q

What is the name of the artery that pass through the occipital lobe?

A

Posterior Cerebral Artery

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18
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A
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19
Q

What is the name of the artery that pass through the parietal lobe?

A

Middle Cerebral Artery

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20
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A
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21
Q

what is the whole neural tube called?

A

Neuraxis

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22
Q

What are the 5 developmental regions?

A
  1. Telencephalon
  2. Diencephalon
  3. Mesentephalon
  4. Metencephalon
  5. Mylencephalon
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23
Q

The brainstem is made up of:

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

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24
Q

What are the 3 parts the brain is divided into?

A

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

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25
Q

What do the forebrain consist of?

A

Diencephalon
Telencephalon

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26
Q

What do the midbrain consist of?

A

Mesentephalon

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27
Q

What do the hindbrain consist of

A

Metencephalon
Myelentephalon

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28
Q

What do the Telencephalon form?

A

Cerebrum

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29
Q

What do the Diencephalon form?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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30
Q

What do the Mesentephalon form?

A

Midbrain

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31
Q

What do the Metencephalon form?

A

Pons
Cerebellum

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32
Q

What do the Myelencephalon form?

A

Medulla oblongata

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33
Q

What are the 4 lobes?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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34
Q

What lobes are buried inside the brain?

A

Insula lobe
Lymbic lobe (bent)

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35
Q

What are the names of the 2 gyrus that the lymbic lobe is made of?

A
  1. Cingulate gyrus (bent part)
  2. Parahippocampal gyrus (under)
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36
Q

What is always a fissure?

A

Longitudinal fissure

37
Q

What is always a sulcus?

A

Central sulcus

38
Q

What gyrus is anterior to the central sulcus?

A

Precentral gyrus (Primary motor cortex)

39
Q

What gyrus is posterior to the central sulcus?

A

Postcentral gyrus (Primary somatosensory cortex)

40
Q

part of the brain that voluntarily execute motor function.

A

Primary motor cortex

41
Q

part of the brain responsible for somatic sensations

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

42
Q

What are the 3 types of sensations?

A
  1. Somatosensations
  2. Visceral sensations (internal organs)
  3. special sensations
43
Q

Examples of special sensations:

A

seeing
hearing
tasting
smell
vestibular

44
Q

Examples of visceral sensations:

A

nausea
hunger

45
Q

Examples of somatosensations:

A

Touch
Temperature

46
Q

What sulcus separate the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

A

Central sulcus

47
Q

What sulcus separate the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe?

A

parieto-occipital sulcus

48
Q

What sulcus separate the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobe?

A

lateral fissure

49
Q

The primary area (cortex) of a lobe has a what?

A

single gyrus

50
Q

The association area (cortex) has what

A

many gyri

51
Q

What is the pre-central gyrus also know as?

A

Primary motor cortex

52
Q

What is the primary motor cortex responsible for?

A

execution of voluntary motor activity

53
Q

What separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

A

Longitudinal fissure

54
Q

cells organized according to where in the body the cells are (motor cortex divided into areas)

A

Somatopic organization

55
Q

opposite side of the body is called

A

contralateral

56
Q

same side of the body is called

A

ipsilateral

57
Q

what are the three arteries that bring blood to the brain?

A

anterior cerebral artery
middle cerebral artery
posterior cerebral artery

58
Q

inability to move muscles

A

paralysis

59
Q

part of the brain that has to do with executive function and personality (e.g., decision making)

A

Pre-frontal cortex

60
Q

Where do the parietal lobe begin?

A

post central gyrus

61
Q

The parietal lobe is also know as the

A

primary sensory cortex

62
Q

inability to feel sensation

A

Anesthesia

63
Q

a cortex that receives sensory information from the somatic senses, plus proprioceptive senses

A

primary somatosensory cortex

64
Q

integrates sensory information from the primary somatosensory cortex to construct an understanding of the object being felt (e.g., pain).

A

somatosensory association area

65
Q

What senses are controlled by primary somatosensory?

A
  1. proprioception (position in space)
  2. pain
  3. temperature
  4. touch
66
Q

the visual processing area of the brain

A

occipital lobe

67
Q

processes visual information

A

visual association cortex

68
Q

inability to see

A

blindness

69
Q

processes auditory information

A

temporal lobe

70
Q
A

primary auditory cortex

71
Q

the primary auditory cortex is also known as the

A

superior temporal gyrus

72
Q
A

tonotopic organization

73
Q

if one temporal lobe is damaged you will have _____, if both temporal lobes are damaged you will have ____

A

partial deafness, complete deafness

74
Q

olfaction is in what lobe

A

temporal lobe

75
Q

inability to smell

A

anosmia

76
Q

inability to formulate speech

A

Broca’s aphasia

77
Q

Where is the Broca’s area located?

A

frontal lobe

78
Q

area responsible for speech production

A

wernicke’s area

79
Q

where is the Wernicke’s are located?

A

left temporal lobe, ocipital, and parietal lobe

80
Q

inability to understand or express speech/language

A

Wernicke’s aphasia

81
Q
A

White matter tracts

82
Q

What are the 3 white matter tracts?

A

Association fiber tracts
Commissural fiber tracts
Projection fiber tracts

83
Q

white matter tracts that communicate to ipsilateral cortical areas

A

Association fiber

84
Q

a type of association fiber that starts at the frontal cortex to the occipital cortex and branches off to the temporal cortex

A

Superior longitudinal faciculus

85
Q

what is the largest bundle of white matter in the body?

A

Corpus callosum

86
Q

a type of fiber that projects from any other brain structure ipsilateral to the cortex

A

Projection fiber

87
Q

a type of fiber that runs from one hemisphere to another

A

Commissural fiber

88
Q

a structure in the brain that has axons that separate the nuclei and project up into the cortex

A

internal capsule

89
Q

what are the ventricles called located in the telencephalon?

A

lateral ventricles

90
Q

the most conscious part of the brain that processes sensory, motor, and memory information and is the site for reasoning, language, non-verbal communication, intelligence, and personality

A

cerebral cortex

91
Q

What is the surface of the cerebrum called?

A

cerebral cortex

92
Q

What are the cortical areas in the frontal lobe?

A

prefrontal cortex
motor cortex
broca’s area

93
Q

What are the cortical areas in the parietal lobe?

A

somatosensory cortex
posterior parietal cotex

94
Q

What are the cortical areas in the temporal lobe?

A
95
Q

What are the cortical areas in the occipital lobe?

A
96
Q
A

BIOL 527 Lab (3 decks)

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