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Clinical Conditions - Physical > Vascular System > Flashcards

Vascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Vascular System comprised of?

A

Heart, veins, veneules, arteries, arterioles, and capillaries

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2
Q

What carries oxygenatied blood?

A

Arteries

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3
Q

Which Arteries carry deoxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary Arteries

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4
Q

What carries deoxygenated blood?

A

Veins

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5
Q

Which Veins carry oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary veins

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6
Q

Where do you take blood from?

A

Veins

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7
Q

Is there a color difference in Oxygenated and Deoxygenated blood?

A

Yes,
Oxygenated blood is arteries is brighter red while deoxygenated blood in veins is a darker red

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8
Q

Are Arteries or Veins more superficial and why?

A

Veins (less important)

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9
Q

Types of Peripheral Artery Disease

A

Thrombotic
Embolic
Plaque Occlusion

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10
Q

What is a Thombotic PAD

A

Vessel is injured and artery ruptures which will then fill with blood, form clot, and reduce blood flow

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11
Q

What is a Embolic PAD

A

A piece of blood clot or plaque breaks off and travels through bloodstream and becomes lodged in vessel
Obstructs blood flow and often in heart, lungs, or brain

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12
Q

What is a Plaque Occlusion PAD

A

Build up of plaque underneath arterial wall reduces blood flow but the arterial wall IS STILL intact

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13
Q

5 P’s

A

Pain
Pallor
Parethesia
Paralysis
Polkiothermia - cool to touch

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14
Q

What do the 5 P’s refer to?

A

Symptoms of PAD

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15
Q

Clinical Manifestation of PAD

A

Often in lower extremity
5 P’s
Claudation

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16
Q

What is claudation

A

Slow onset of pain with walking that is relieved by standing and not moving
This is because of restriction of blood flow during activity leads to limb cramping and pain

17
Q

Risk factors of PAD

A

Family History
Hypertension
High Cholesterol
Smoking
Diabetes

18
Q

Etiology/ What is PAD

A

Peripheral Artery Disease
Disease of the circulatory system

19
Q

Types of Venous Thromboemboli

A

DVT and PE
DVT can become a PE

20
Q

DVT

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis
Blood clot forming in deep vein and often in arm of leg

21
Q

Manifestations of DVT

A

Swelling
Tenderness
Pain
Redness

22
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary Embolism
Blood clot that travelled from deep vein to smaller lung vessel

23
Q

PE Manifestations

A

Difficulty breathing
Irregular and rapid HR
Low BP causing dizziness
Angina that is worse with deep breath or cough

24
Q

What is CVI

A

Chronic Venous Insufficiency
When patient has chronic venous return because valves are damaged or venous walls are weakened

25
Q

CVI Manifestations

A

Lower Extremity
- Dull aching, heaviness, cramping
- Itching/Tingling
- Pain that subsides with elevation
- Redness, skin color changes
- Swelling
- Varicose veins
-Thickening or hardening of skin
- Ulcers, or slow healing wounds

26
Q

Raynauds Disease

A

Disorder of blood vessels
Vasoconstriction or vasospasm when body is cold or stressed

27
Q

Clinical Manifestation of Raynauds

A

1) Blue/White during exposure to stimuli
2) Red and tingling when blood return which takes about 15 min

28
Q

Complications of uncontrolled diabetes

A

1) Neuropathy
2) Retinopathy
3) Nephropathy
4) Myocardial Infarction
5) CAD, CVA, PVD - amputations
6) Gum Disease and tooth loss

29
Q

What happens with Uncontrolled Diabetes

A

Ketoacidosis

30
Q

What is ketoacidosis

A

liver metabolizes fat instead of glucose secondary to insulin deficiency
- Ketones are released from fat metabolism
- With bloor or Urine these are poisonous

31
Q

Complications of Ketoacidosis

A

Cerebral adema, Cardiac arrest, kidney failure

32
Q

Type 1 Diabetes

A

Insulin dependent diabetes
Pancreas does not secrete insulin

33
Q

Type 2 Diabetes

A

Pancreas does not secrete enough insulin or body stops responding to insulin

34
Q

Manifestations of Diabetes Type 2

A

Darkening or skin on neck or armpits
Hypertention
Hyperlipedemia
Yeast infections or irregular menstration

35
Q

Manifestations of Diabetes

A
  • Extreme hunger or thirst
  • Frequent urination
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • fatigue and drowsiness
  • blurry vision
  • Slow healing wounds, sore, or bruises
  • Dry/itchy skin
  • Tingling or numbness in hands/feet
  • Frequent or recurring skin, gum, bladder, or vaginal yeast infections

Clinical Conditions - Physical (4 decks)

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